{"id":48,"date":"2025-08-18T22:00:30","date_gmt":"2025-08-18T22:00:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vesl.us\/aesl740\/?page_id=48"},"modified":"2025-09-25T03:20:00","modified_gmt":"2025-09-25T03:20:00","slug":"module-13","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/vesl.us\/aesl740\/module-13\/","title":{"rendered":"Module 13"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Module 13: Long Term Care Patient\/Resident<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Statement of Purpose: The purpose of this unit is to introduce the student to the basic structure of the body and to review the effect of aging on body structure and function. Common physical and psychological conditions found in elderly patients are presented along with approaches to care. Community resources commonly available to assist elderly patients with their psychological, recreational, and social needs are presented.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Module 13 Vocabulary Study Tool:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/claude.ai\/public\/artifacts\/436d5af5-8952-444f-b0b1-4ef1fa6b0a53\">https:\/\/claude.ai\/public\/artifacts\/436d5af5-8952-444f-b0b1-4ef1fa6b0a53<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Performance Standards (Objectives): <strong>Define key terminology:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-audio\"><audio controls src=\"https:\/\/vesl.us\/aesl740\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2025\/09\/Module-13-Pronunciation.mp3\"><\/audio><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Long Term Care Resident:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Acute<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Assisted living<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Chronic<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&nbsp;Debilitating<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dementia<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Long-term care<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reality orientation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reminiscing<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Patients\/residents<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Skilled nursing facility<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Subacute care<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Validation therapy<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Medical and Anatomical Terms:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>13. Anatomic position<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>14. Anatomy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>15. Anterior<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>16. Cells<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>17. Connective tissue<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>18. Contractures<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>19. Disease<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>20. Distal<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>21. Epithelial tissue<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>22. Health<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>23. Inferior<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>24. Joints<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>25. Lateral<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>26. Membranes<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>27. Muscle tissue<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>28. Nerve tissue<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>29. Organ<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>30. Peritoneum<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>31. Physiology<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>32. Posterior<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>33. Prefix<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>34. Proximal<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>35. Suffix<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>36. Superior<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>37. System<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>38. Traction<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Nervous System:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>39. Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>40. Agitated<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>41. Alzheimer\u2019s disease<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>42. Aphasia<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>43. Autonomic dysreflexia<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>44. Bipolar disorder<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>45. Brain<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>46. Cataract<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>47. Catastrophic reaction<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>48. Cerebral palsy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>49. Cerebral Vascular Accident (CVA)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>50. Concussion<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>51. Confusion<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>52. Delirium<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>53. Delusion<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>54. Dementia<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>55. Developmentally disabled<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>56. Disruptive behavior<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>57. Elopement<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>58. Epilepsy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>59. Generalized anxiety<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>60. Glaucoma<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>61. Hallucination<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>62. Hemianopsia<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>63. Hemiplegia<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>64. Multiple sclerosis<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>65. Nerve<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>66. Neuron<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>67. Otosclerosis<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>68. Panic disorder<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>69. Paralysis<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>70. Paranoia<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>71. Paranoid schizophrenia<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>72. Paraplegia<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>73. Parkinson\u2019s disease<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>74. Peripheral nervous system<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>75. Post-traumatic stress syndrome<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>76. Quadriplegia<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>77. Reality orientation<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>78. Seizure<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>79. Stroke<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>80. Sundowner syndrome<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>81. Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>82. Tremor<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>83. Vertigo<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Immune System:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>84. Antibody<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>85. Antigen<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>86. Auto Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>87. Carrier<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>88. Human Immunodeficiency Virus<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;89. Immunity<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>90. Lymph node<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>91. T-cell<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>92. White blood cell<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Cardiovascular System:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>93. Anemia<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>94. Angina<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>95. Anti-embolic stockings:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>96. Artery<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>97. Atherosclerosis<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>98. Blood<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>99. Capillary<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>100. Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>101. Coronary artery disease<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>102. Dyspnea<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>103. Edema<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>104. Embolism<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>105. Heart<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>106. Hypertension<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>107. Hypoxia<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>108. Ischemia<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>109. Myocardial infarction<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>110. Orthopnea<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>111. Pacemaker<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>112. Peripheral vascular disease (PVD)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>113. Phlebitis<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>114. Pulmonary edema<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>115. Sequential compression device (SCD)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>116. Systole<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>117. Thrombus<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>118. Varicose vein<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>119. Vein<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>120. Vessel<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Integumentary System:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>121. Abrasion<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>122. Allergies<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>123. Bony prominences<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>124. Cyanotic<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>125. Debride<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>126. Decubitus ulcer<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>127. Dermis<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>128. Epidermis<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>129. Excoriation<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>130. Friction<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>131. Gangrene<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>132. Hematoma<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>133. Lesion<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>134. Necrosis<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>135. Pallor<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>136. Pediculosis<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>137. Pressure ulcer<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>138. Pruritus<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>139. Psoriasis<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>140. Scabies<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>141. Shearing<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>142. Skin<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>143. Skin tears<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Gastrointestinal System:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>144. Absorption<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>145. Bile<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>146. Bowel movement<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>147. Colon<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>148. Colostomy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>149. Constipation<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>150. Defecation<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>151. Diarrhea<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>152. Digestion<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>153. Diverticulitis<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>154. Elimination<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>155. Enema<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>156. Fecal impaction<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>157. Feces<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>158. Flatus<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>159. Gastrectomy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>160. Gastric tube<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>161. Hernia<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>162. Ileostomy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>163. Nasogastric tube (NG)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>164. Obstruction<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>165. Occult blood<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>166. Ostomy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>167. Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (PEG)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>168. Peristalsis<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>169. Stoma<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>170. Stool<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>171. Suppository<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>172. Ulcer<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>173. Urgency<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>174. Urostomy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Respiratory System:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>175. Alveoli<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>176. Asthma<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>177. Bronchi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>178. Carbon dioxide<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>179. Chronic Heart Failure (CHF)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>180. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>181. Dyspnea<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>182. Emphysema<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>183. Expiration<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>184. Inspiration<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>185. Larynx<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>186. Lungs<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>187. Mucous<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>188. Nasal cannula<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>189. Nebulizer<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>190. Orthopnea<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>191. Oxygen mask<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>192. Pharynx<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>193. Pneumonia<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>194. Sputum<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>195. Tracheostomy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>196. Tuberculosis (TB)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>197. Upper respiratory infection (URI)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Musculoskeletal System:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>198. Abduction<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>199. Adduction<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>200. Amputation<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>201. Arthritis<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>202. Atrophy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>203. Bursitis<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>204. Contracture<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>205. Extension<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>206. Flexion<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>207. Fracture<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>208. Full weight-bearing (FWB)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>209. Gout<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>210. Muscle<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>211. Muscular dystrophy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>212. Osteoarthritis<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>213. Osteoporosis<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>214. Phantom pain<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>215. Pronation<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>216. Prosthesis<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>217. Range of Motion (ROM)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>218. Rheumatoid arthritis<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>219. Rotation<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>220. Skeleton<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>221. Supination<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>222. Total hip arthroplasty<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>223. Trapeze<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>224. Vertebrae<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Urinary System<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>225. Catheter<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>226. Calculi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>227. Chronic renal failure<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>228. Clean catch<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>229. Condom catheter<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>230. Cystitis<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>231. Dialysis<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>232. Diuresis<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>233. Dysuria<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>234. End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>235. Hematuria<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>236. Indwelling catheter<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>237. Kidney<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>238. Micturition<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>239. Nephritis<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>240. Renal calculi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>241. Retention<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>242. Specimens<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>243. Ureter<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>244. Urethra<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>245. Urinalysis<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>246. Urinary bladder<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>247. Urinary drainage bag<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>248. Urinary incontinence<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>249. Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>250. Void<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Reproductive System:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>251. Benign prostatic hypertrophy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>252. Chlamydia<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>253. Cystocele<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>254. Douche<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>255. Genitalia<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>256. Genital herpes<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>257. Human Papilloma Virus(HPV)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>258. Gonorrhea<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>259. Hemorrhoid<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>260. Herpes simplex 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>261. Hormones<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>262. Hysterectomy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>263. Mammogram<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>264. Mastectomy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>265. Pelvis Inflammatory disease (PID)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>266. Penis<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>267. Prostate gland<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>268. Rectocele<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>269. Sexually transmitted disease (STD)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>270. Syphilis<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>271. Testes<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>272. Trichomoniasis<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>273. Uterus<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>274. Vagina<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>275. Venereal<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>276. Vulvovaginitis<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Endocrine System:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>277. Diabetes mellitus<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>278. Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>279. Glucose<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>280. Glycosuria<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>281. Goiter<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>282. Hormones<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>283. Hyperglycemia<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>284. Hypoglycemia<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>285. Insulin<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>286. Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>287. Metabolism<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>288. Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>289. Pituitary gland<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>290. Thyroxine<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Patient, resident, and client are synonymous terms referring to the person receiving care<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">CNA California Exam Vocabulary Sentences for Module 13<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Long Term Care Resident Terms<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>An <strong>acute<\/strong> illness is severe and requires immediate medical attention.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Many elderly people live in <strong>assisted living<\/strong> facilities that provide some care while allowing them to maintain independence.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Diabetes is a <strong>chronic<\/strong> condition that lasts for a long time and requires ongoing management.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Arthritis can be <strong>debilitating<\/strong>, making it difficult for patients to perform daily activities.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Dementia<\/strong> causes memory loss and affects a person&#8217;s ability to think clearly.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Long-term care<\/strong> facilities provide 24-hour nursing services for residents who cannot care for themselves.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Reality orientation<\/strong> helps confused residents remember the date, time, and where they are.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Reminiscing<\/strong> about happy memories from the past can improve a resident&#8217;s mood.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>All <strong>patients\/residents<\/strong> deserve respectful and compassionate care.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>skilled nursing facility<\/strong> provides rehabilitation services and medical care for residents.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Subacute care<\/strong> is appropriate for patients who need more care than at home but less than in a hospital.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Validation therapy<\/strong> involves agreeing with residents to help them feel better about themselves.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Medical and Anatomical Terms<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"13\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The <strong>anatomic position<\/strong> shows the body standing upright with arms at the sides and palms facing forward.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Anatomy<\/strong> is the study of the structure of the human body.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>anterior<\/strong> part of the body is the front side.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cells<\/strong> are the basic building blocks of all living things.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Connective tissue<\/strong> holds organs and other body parts together.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Contractures<\/strong> occur when muscles become permanently shortened, limiting joint movement.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Disease<\/strong> is an abnormal change in the body that causes specific signs and symptoms.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>distal<\/strong> end of the arm is farther from the body&#8217;s center, like the fingers.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Epithelial tissue<\/strong> covers body surfaces and lines body cavities.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Health<\/strong> is a state of physical, mental, and social well-being.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>inferior<\/strong> part of the body is located below another part, toward the feet.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Joints<\/strong> are connections between bones that allow movement.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Lateral<\/strong> means away from the body&#8217;s midline, toward the side.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Membranes<\/strong> are thin sheets of tissue that line body cavities.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Muscle tissue<\/strong> has the ability to contract and cause body movement.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Nerve tissue<\/strong> carries electrical signals throughout the body.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>An <strong>organ<\/strong> is made up of different tissues working together, like the heart or lungs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>peritoneum<\/strong> is a membrane that lines the abdominal cavity.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Physiology<\/strong> is the study of how the body functions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>posterior<\/strong> part of the body is the back side.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>prefix<\/strong> is added to the beginning of a word to change its meaning.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>proximal<\/strong> end of the arm is closer to the body&#8217;s center, like the shoulder.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>suffix<\/strong> is added to the end of a word to change its meaning.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>superior<\/strong> part of the body is located above another part, toward the head.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>system<\/strong> is a group of organs working together, like the respiratory system.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Traction<\/strong> involves pulling or stretching to align bones or relieve pressure.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nervous System Terms<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"39\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD)<\/strong> causes vision loss in the center of the visual field.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>An <strong>agitated<\/strong> resident may be restless, anxious, or upset.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Alzheimer&#8217;s disease<\/strong> is a progressive brain disorder that causes memory loss and confusion.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Aphasia<\/strong> is the loss of ability to communicate through speech, writing, or signs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Autonomic dysreflexia<\/strong> is a dangerous condition that causes extremely high blood pressure.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Bipolar disorder<\/strong> causes extreme mood swings from depression to mania.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>brain<\/strong> controls all body functions and houses consciousness and memory.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>cataract<\/strong> causes clouding of the eye&#8217;s lens, making vision blurry.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>catastrophic reaction<\/strong> is an unpredictable violent outburst from a person with dementia.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cerebral palsy<\/strong> affects movement and posture due to brain damage before birth.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>Cerebral Vascular Accident (CVA)<\/strong> or stroke occurs when blood flow to the brain is blocked.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>concussion<\/strong> is a brain injury caused by a blow to the head.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Confusion<\/strong> means being disoriented about time, place, or identity.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Delirium<\/strong> is a sudden change in attention, perception, and thinking ability.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>delusion<\/strong> is a false belief that seems real to the person experiencing it.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Dementia<\/strong> causes a gradual decline in memory and thinking abilities.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>developmentally disabled<\/strong> person has intellectual functioning below average.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Disruptive behavior<\/strong> disturbs others and interferes with care activities.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Elopement<\/strong> occurs when a resident leaves the facility without permission.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Epilepsy<\/strong> is a brain disorder that causes seizures.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Generalized anxiety<\/strong> creates feelings of worry and fear without a specific cause.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Glaucoma<\/strong> increases eye pressure and can lead to blindness if untreated.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>hallucination<\/strong> involves seeing, hearing, or feeling things that are not really there.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Hemianopsia<\/strong> is the loss of vision in half of both visual fields.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Hemiplegia<\/strong> is paralysis of one side of the body.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Multiple sclerosis<\/strong> is a disease that damages the nervous system progressively.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>nerve<\/strong> carries electrical signals between the brain and body parts.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>neuron<\/strong> is a nerve cell that processes and transmits information.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Otosclerosis<\/strong> causes hearing loss due to abnormal bone growth in the ear.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Panic disorder<\/strong> causes sudden, intense episodes of fear and anxiety.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Paralysis<\/strong> is the loss of movement and feeling in part of the body.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Paranoia<\/strong> involves unrealistic feelings of persecution or suspicion.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Paranoid schizophrenia<\/strong> is a mental disorder with delusions and hallucinations.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Paraplegia<\/strong> is paralysis of both legs and sometimes the lower trunk.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Parkinson&#8217;s disease<\/strong> causes tremors, stiffness, and difficulty with movement.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>peripheral nervous system<\/strong> includes nerves outside the brain and spinal cord.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Post-traumatic stress syndrome<\/strong> develops after experiencing a traumatic event.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Quadriplegia<\/strong> is paralysis of all four limbs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Reality orientation<\/strong> helps residents stay connected to the present time and place.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>seizure<\/strong> involves involuntary shaking and jerking of the body.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>stroke<\/strong> occurs when blood supply to part of the brain is interrupted.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Sundowner syndrome<\/strong> causes increased confusion and agitation in the evening.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)<\/strong> is a mini-stroke with temporary symptoms.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>tremor<\/strong> is involuntary shaking, especially of the hands.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Vertigo<\/strong> creates a spinning sensation and dizziness.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Immune System Terms<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"84\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>An <strong>antibody<\/strong> is a protein that fights infections in the blood.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>An <strong>antigen<\/strong> is a substance that triggers the immune system to respond.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Auto Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)<\/strong> severely weakens the body&#8217;s immune system.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>carrier<\/strong> has an infectious disease but shows no symptoms.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)<\/strong> attacks the immune system and can lead to AIDS.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Immunity<\/strong> is the body&#8217;s ability to resist infection and disease.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Lymph nodes<\/strong> filter harmful substances and contain infection-fighting cells.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>T-cells<\/strong> are white blood cells that play a key role in immune responses.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>White blood cells<\/strong> defend the body against infections and foreign materials.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cardiovascular System Terms<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"93\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Anemia<\/strong> occurs when the body doesn&#8217;t have enough healthy red blood cells.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Angina<\/strong> is chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Anti-embolic stockings<\/strong> prevent blood clots by promoting circulation in the legs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>An <strong>artery<\/strong> carries oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to body tissues.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Atherosclerosis<\/strong> occurs when fatty deposits narrow the arteries.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Blood<\/strong> carries oxygen, nutrients, and waste products throughout the body.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Capillaries<\/strong> are the smallest blood vessels where oxygen and nutrients are exchanged.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)<\/strong> means the heart cannot pump blood effectively.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Coronary artery disease<\/strong> reduces blood supply to the heart muscle.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Dyspnea<\/strong> is difficulty breathing or shortness of breath.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Edema<\/strong> is swelling caused by excess fluid in body tissues.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>An <strong>embolism<\/strong> occurs when a blood clot blocks a blood vessel.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>heart<\/strong> pumps blood throughout the body continuously.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Hypertension<\/strong> means blood pressure is consistently too high.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Hypoxia<\/strong> is a lack of adequate oxygen in body tissues.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ischemia<\/strong> occurs when blood flow to body tissues is reduced.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>myocardial infarction<\/strong> is a heart attack caused by blocked coronary arteries.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Orthopnea<\/strong> means breathing is easier when sitting or standing upright.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>pacemaker<\/strong> regulates the heart&#8217;s rhythm and rate.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Peripheral vascular disease (PVD)<\/strong> affects blood circulation in arms and legs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Phlebitis<\/strong> is inflammation of a blood vessel, usually a vein.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pulmonary edema<\/strong> is dangerous fluid accumulation in the lungs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>Sequential compression device (SCD)<\/strong> prevents blood clots in the legs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Systole<\/strong> is when the heart contracts to pump blood out.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>thrombus<\/strong> is a blood clot that forms inside a blood vessel.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Varicose veins<\/strong> are swollen, twisted veins usually seen in the legs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>vein<\/strong> carries blood back to the heart from body tissues.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>vessel<\/strong> is any tube that carries blood through the body.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Integumentary System Terms<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"121\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>An <strong>abrasion<\/strong> is a scrape or scratch on the skin surface.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Allergies<\/strong> cause abnormal reactions to normally harmless substances.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Bony prominences<\/strong> are areas where bones are close to the skin surface.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cyanotic<\/strong> skin appears blue due to lack of oxygen.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>To <strong>debride<\/strong> means to remove dead tissue from a wound.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>decubitus ulcer<\/strong> is a pressure sore that develops from prolonged bed rest.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>dermis<\/strong> is the thick middle layer of skin.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>epidermis<\/strong> is the thin outer layer of skin.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Excoriation<\/strong> is skin irritation caused by scratching or rubbing.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Friction<\/strong> occurs when two surfaces rub against each other.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Gangrene<\/strong> is tissue death due to lack of blood supply.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>hematoma<\/strong> is a localized collection of blood under the skin.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>lesion<\/strong> is any abnormal change in skin tissue.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Necrosis<\/strong> is the death of cells or tissue.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pallor<\/strong> is unusual paleness of the skin.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pediculosis<\/strong> is an infestation of lice on the body or scalp.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>pressure ulcer<\/strong> develops when constant pressure cuts off blood flow to skin.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pruritus<\/strong> is severe itching of the skin.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Psoriasis<\/strong> causes red, scaly patches on the skin.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Scabies<\/strong> is a contagious skin condition caused by tiny mites.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Shearing<\/strong> occurs when skin moves in one direction while underlying tissue moves another way.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Skin<\/strong> is the body&#8217;s largest organ and provides protection from the environment.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Skin tears<\/strong> are wounds where the top layer of skin is partially or completely separated.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Gastrointestinal System Terms<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"144\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Absorption<\/strong> is when digested nutrients enter the bloodstream.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Bile<\/strong> helps break down fats during digestion.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>bowel movement<\/strong> is the elimination of waste from the intestines.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>colon<\/strong> is the large intestine that processes waste.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>colostomy<\/strong> creates an opening in the abdomen for waste elimination.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Constipation<\/strong> means having difficulty passing hard, dry stool.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Defecation<\/strong> is the act of having a bowel movement.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Diarrhea<\/strong> involves frequent, loose, watery bowel movements.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Digestion<\/strong> breaks down food so the body can use nutrients.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Diverticulitis<\/strong> is inflammation in pouches that form in the colon wall.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Elimination<\/strong> is the removal of waste products from the body.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>An <strong>enema<\/strong> involves putting fluid into the rectum to stimulate bowel movements.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Fecal impaction<\/strong> occurs when hard stool becomes stuck in the rectum.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Feces<\/strong> is solid waste eliminated from the body.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Flatus<\/strong> is gas that passes through the digestive system.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>gastrectomy<\/strong> is surgical removal of part or all of the stomach.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>gastric tube<\/strong> is inserted into the stomach for feeding or drainage.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>hernia<\/strong> occurs when an organ pushes through a weak spot in muscle.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>An <strong>ileostomy<\/strong> creates an opening from the small intestine to outside the body.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>nasogastric tube (NG)<\/strong> goes through the nose into the stomach.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>An <strong>obstruction<\/strong> is a blockage that prevents normal flow.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Occult blood<\/strong> in stool cannot be seen without special testing.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>An <strong>ostomy<\/strong> is any surgical opening from an internal organ to the outside.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (PEG)<\/strong> tube provides nutrition directly to the stomach.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Peristalsis<\/strong> moves food through the digestive tract with muscle contractions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>stoma<\/strong> is the visible opening created during ostomy surgery.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Stool<\/strong> is another word for feces or bowel movement.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>suppository<\/strong> is medication inserted into the rectum or vagina.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>An <strong>ulcer<\/strong> is an open sore in the stomach or intestinal lining.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Urgency<\/strong> means needing to have a bowel movement immediately.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>urostomy<\/strong> diverts urine from the bladder to an opening in the abdomen.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Respiratory System Terms<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"175\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Alveoli<\/strong> are tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Asthma<\/strong> causes airways to narrow, making breathing difficult.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Bronchi<\/strong> are large airways that carry air into the lungs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Carbon dioxide<\/strong> is a waste gas that the lungs remove from the body.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Chronic Heart Failure (CHF)<\/strong> can cause fluid to back up into the lungs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)<\/strong> makes breathing progressively more difficult.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Dyspnea<\/strong> is the medical term for shortness of breath.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Emphysema<\/strong> damages the air sacs in the lungs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Expiration<\/strong> is breathing out or exhaling air from the lungs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Inspiration<\/strong> is breathing in or inhaling air into the lungs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>larynx<\/strong> contains the vocal cords and helps produce speech.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>lungs<\/strong> are the main organs of breathing and gas exchange.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mucous<\/strong> is a sticky substance that traps dust and germs in airways.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>nasal cannula<\/strong> delivers oxygen through small tubes in the nostrils.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>nebulizer<\/strong> creates a fine mist of medication for inhalation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Orthopnea<\/strong> means breathing is easier when sitting or standing upright.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>An <strong>oxygen mask<\/strong> covers the nose and mouth to deliver concentrated oxygen.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>pharynx<\/strong> is the throat area that connects the nose and mouth to airways.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pneumonia<\/strong> is an infection that inflames air sacs in the lungs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Sputum<\/strong> is mucous coughed up from the respiratory tract.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>tracheostomy<\/strong> creates a breathing opening directly into the trachea.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Tuberculosis (TB)<\/strong> is a serious lung infection that spreads through the air.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>An <strong>upper respiratory infection (URI)<\/strong> affects the nose, throat, and sinuses.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Musculoskeletal System Terms<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"198\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Abduction<\/strong> moves a body part away from the center of the body.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Adduction<\/strong> moves a body part toward the center of the body.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Amputation<\/strong> is the surgical removal of a limb or body part.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Arthritis<\/strong> causes joint inflammation, pain, and stiffness.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Atrophy<\/strong> occurs when muscles shrink from lack of use.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Bursitis<\/strong> is inflammation of fluid-filled sacs around joints.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>contracture<\/strong> permanently shortens muscles and limits joint movement.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Extension<\/strong> straightens a joint by increasing the angle between bones.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Flexion<\/strong> bends a joint by decreasing the angle between bones.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>fracture<\/strong> is a break in a bone.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Full weight-bearing (FWB)<\/strong> means a person can put their complete weight on both legs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Gout<\/strong> is a form of arthritis that causes sudden, severe joint pain.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Muscle<\/strong> tissue contracts to create movement and maintain posture.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Muscular dystrophy<\/strong> is a group of diseases that weaken muscles over time.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Osteoarthritis<\/strong> causes joint cartilage to break down with age.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Osteoporosis<\/strong> makes bones weak and more likely to break.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Phantom pain<\/strong> is felt in a body part that has been amputated.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pronation<\/strong> turns the palm downward or inward.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>prosthesis<\/strong> is an artificial replacement for a missing body part.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Range of Motion (ROM)<\/strong> exercises move joints through their full movement.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Rheumatoid arthritis<\/strong> is an autoimmune disease that attacks joints.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Rotation<\/strong> turns a body part around its central axis.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>skeleton<\/strong> provides structure and protects internal organs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Supination<\/strong> turns the palm upward or outward.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Total hip arthroplasty<\/strong> replaces a damaged hip joint with an artificial one.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>trapeze<\/strong> bar helps residents move and reposition themselves in bed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Vertebrae<\/strong> are the individual bones that make up the spine.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Urinary System Terms<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"225\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A <strong>catheter<\/strong> is a tube used to drain urine from the bladder.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Calculi<\/strong> are kidney stones made of mineral deposits.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Chronic renal failure<\/strong> means the kidneys gradually stop working properly.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>clean catch<\/strong> urine sample avoids contamination from surrounding skin.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>condom catheter<\/strong> fits over the penis to collect urine externally.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cystitis<\/strong> is inflammation or infection of the bladder.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Dialysis<\/strong> artificially filters waste when kidneys cannot function.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Diuresis<\/strong> is increased urine production by the kidneys.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Dysuria<\/strong> means painful or difficult urination.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)<\/strong> requires dialysis or kidney transplant to survive.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Hematuria<\/strong> is blood in the urine.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>An <strong>indwelling catheter<\/strong> remains in the bladder to continuously drain urine.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>kidneys<\/strong> filter waste and excess water from the blood.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Micturition<\/strong> is the medical term for urination.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Nephritis<\/strong> is inflammation or infection of the kidneys.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Renal calculi<\/strong> are kidney stones that can block urine flow.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Retention<\/strong> means being unable to empty the bladder completely.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Specimens<\/strong> are samples of body fluids collected for laboratory testing.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>ureters<\/strong> carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>urethra<\/strong> carries urine from the bladder out of the body.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Urinalysis<\/strong> is laboratory testing of urine to check for problems.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>urinary bladder<\/strong> stores urine until it is ready to be eliminated.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>urinary drainage bag<\/strong> collects urine from a catheter.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Urinary incontinence<\/strong> is the involuntary loss of urine.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)<\/strong> can affect any part of the urinary system.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>To <strong>void<\/strong> means to urinate or empty the bladder.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Reproductive System Terms<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"251\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Benign prostatic hypertrophy<\/strong> is non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate gland.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Chlamydia<\/strong> is a common sexually transmitted infection.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>cystocele<\/strong> occurs when the bladder pushes into the vaginal wall.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>douche<\/strong> rinses the vaginal canal with fluid.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Genitalia<\/strong> refers to the external reproductive organs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Genital herpes<\/strong> is a viral infection of the reproductive organs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)<\/strong> can cause genital warts and certain cancers.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Gonorrhea<\/strong> is a bacterial sexually transmitted infection.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Hemorrhoids<\/strong> are swollen veins in the rectal area.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Herpes simplex 2<\/strong> causes painful blisters on the genitals.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Hormones<\/strong> are chemical messengers produced by endocrine glands.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>hysterectomy<\/strong> is surgical removal of the uterus.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>mammogram<\/strong> is an X-ray examination of the breasts.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>mastectomy<\/strong> is surgical removal of all or part of a breast.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)<\/strong> is infection of female reproductive organs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>penis<\/strong> is the male organ for reproduction and urination.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>prostate gland<\/strong> surrounds the male urethra and produces seminal fluid.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>rectocele<\/strong> occurs when the rectum pushes into the vaginal wall.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>sexually transmitted disease (STD)<\/strong> spreads through sexual contact.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Syphilis<\/strong> is a serious bacterial infection spread through sexual contact.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>testes<\/strong> produce sperm and male hormones.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Trichomoniasis<\/strong> is a parasitic infection that affects the reproductive system.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>uterus<\/strong> is where a fetus develops during pregnancy.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>vagina<\/strong> is the female reproductive canal.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Venereal<\/strong> diseases are infections spread through sexual contact.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Vulvovaginitis<\/strong> is inflammation of the vulva and vagina.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Endocrine System Terms<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"277\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Diabetes mellitus<\/strong> occurs when the body cannot properly use or produce insulin.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS)<\/strong> measures glucose levels after not eating for 8 hours.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Glucose<\/strong> is a simple sugar that provides energy for body cells.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Glycosuria<\/strong> is sugar found in the urine.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A <strong>goiter<\/strong> is enlargement of the thyroid gland.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Hormones<\/strong> regulate body functions like growth, metabolism, and reproduction.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Hyperglycemia<\/strong> means blood sugar levels are too high.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Hypoglycemia<\/strong> means blood sugar levels are too low.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Insulin<\/strong> helps cells use glucose for energy.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM)<\/strong> requires insulin injections daily.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Metabolism<\/strong> is how the body converts food into energy.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM)<\/strong> can often be controlled with diet and oral medication.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>pituitary gland<\/strong> controls other endocrine glands and is called the &#8220;master gland.&#8221;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Thyroxine<\/strong> is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland that regulates metabolism.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Module 13: 10 CNA Dialogues for English Learners<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dialogue 1: Morning Assessment in Long-Term Care<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>CNA Sarah<\/strong>: Good morning, Mrs. Johnson. How are you feeling today?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Resident<\/strong>: I&#8217;m having trouble breathing, dear. It feels worse when I lie down.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>CNA Sarah<\/strong>: That sounds like <strong>orthopnea<\/strong>. Let me help you sit up higher. Do you have any <strong>chest pain<\/strong> or <strong>edema<\/strong> in your legs?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Resident<\/strong>: My ankles are a bit swollen, and I feel dizzy when I stand.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>CNA Sarah<\/strong>: I&#8217;ll check your <strong>blood pressure<\/strong> and listen to your <strong>heart<\/strong>. We may need to contact the nurse about possible <strong>congestive heart failure<\/strong> symptoms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Key Vocabulary<\/strong>: orthopnea, edema, congestive heart failure, blood pressure, heart<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dialogue 2: Assisting with Personal Care<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>CNA Maria<\/strong>: Mr. Davis, it&#8217;s time for your bath. I noticed some <strong>redness<\/strong> on your back yesterday.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Resident<\/strong>: It&#8217;s been bothering me. The area feels tender.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>CNA Maria<\/strong>: I see some <strong>skin breakdown<\/strong> near your <strong>tailbone<\/strong>. This could develop into a <strong>pressure ulcer<\/strong> if we&#8217;re not careful. Let me check your <strong>bony prominences<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Resident<\/strong>: Will it get worse?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>CNA Maria<\/strong>: We can prevent it by turning you frequently and keeping your <strong>skin<\/strong> clean and dry. I&#8217;ll also apply a protective barrier cream.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Key Vocabulary<\/strong>: pressure ulcer, bony prominences, skin breakdown, skin<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dialogue 3: Medication and Diabetes Care<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>CNA Tom<\/strong>: Mrs. Garcia, I need to check your <strong>blood sugar<\/strong> before breakfast.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Resident<\/strong>: It was high yesterday. I&#8217;m worried about my <strong>diabetes<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>CNA Tom<\/strong>: Your <strong>glucose<\/strong> level is 180, which shows <strong>hyperglycemia<\/strong>. The nurse will adjust your <strong>insulin<\/strong> dose accordingly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Resident<\/strong>: I sometimes feel shaky and weak in the afternoon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>CNA Tom<\/strong>: That could be <strong>hypoglycemia<\/strong> &#8211; low blood sugar. We&#8217;ll monitor you more closely and make sure you eat regular meals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Key Vocabulary<\/strong>: glucose, diabetes, hyperglycemia, insulin, hypoglycemia<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dialogue 4: Mobility and Physical Therapy<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>CNA Lisa<\/strong>: Mr. Thompson, the physical therapist wants you to practice walking today.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Resident<\/strong>: My <strong>joints<\/strong> are so stiff, especially my knees. I have <strong>arthritis<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>CNA Lisa<\/strong>: We&#8217;ll start with some <strong>range of motion<\/strong> exercises first. Can you try to <strong>flex<\/strong> your knee?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Resident<\/strong>: It&#8217;s hard to move. My <strong>muscles<\/strong> feel weak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>CNA Lisa<\/strong>: That&#8217;s called <strong>muscle atrophy<\/strong>. The more we exercise, the stronger you&#8217;ll become. Let&#8217;s also work on <strong>extension<\/strong> movements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Key Vocabulary<\/strong>: joints, arthritis, range of motion, flex, muscles, muscle atrophy, extension<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dialogue 5: Respiratory Care<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>CNA David<\/strong>: Mr. Wilson, you&#8217;re scheduled for your <strong>nebulizer<\/strong> treatment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Resident<\/strong>: I&#8217;ve been coughing up a lot of <strong>sputum<\/strong>, and I feel short of breath.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>CNA David<\/strong>: That <strong>dyspnea<\/strong> is common with <strong>COPD<\/strong>. The medication will help open your <strong>airways<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Resident<\/strong>: Sometimes I can&#8217;t catch my breath at all.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>CNA David<\/strong>: The <strong>oxygen therapy<\/strong> should help. After your treatment, we&#8217;ll practice deep breathing exercises to strengthen your <strong>lungs<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Key Vocabulary<\/strong>: nebulizer, sputum, dyspnea, COPD, airways, oxygen therapy, lungs<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dialogue 6: Neurological Assessment<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>CNA Rachel<\/strong>: Mrs. Brown, can you tell me what day it is?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Resident<\/strong>: I&#8230; I&#8217;m not sure. Everything seems foggy today.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>CNA Rachel<\/strong>: You seem to have some <strong>confusion<\/strong> today. This might be <strong>delirium<\/strong> from your infection.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Resident<\/strong>: I keep seeing things that aren&#8217;t there.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>CNA Rachel<\/strong>: Those <strong>hallucinations<\/strong> are concerning. I&#8217;ll notify the nurse immediately. We may need to start <strong>reality orientation<\/strong> to help you stay focused.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Key Vocabulary<\/strong>: confusion, delirium, hallucinations, reality orientation<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dialogue 7: Digestive System Care<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>CNA James<\/strong>: Mr. Rodriguez, when was your last <strong>bowel movement<\/strong>?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Resident<\/strong>: I haven&#8217;t gone in three days. My stomach hurts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>CNA James<\/strong>: That <strong>constipation<\/strong> is common. Do you feel <strong>bloated<\/strong> or have any <strong>abdominal pain<\/strong>?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Resident<\/strong>: Yes, and I haven&#8217;t been eating much.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>CNA James<\/strong>: I&#8217;ll document this for the nurse. We may need to give you a <strong>stool softener<\/strong> or increase your fiber intake to help with <strong>elimination<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Key Vocabulary<\/strong>: bowel movement, constipation, abdominal pain, stool softener, elimination<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dialogue 8: Urinary Care<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>CNA Kelly<\/strong>: Mrs. Lee, I need to empty your <strong>urinary drainage bag<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Resident<\/strong>: I&#8217;ve been having <strong>burning<\/strong> when I urinate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>CNA Kelly<\/strong>: That <strong>dysuria<\/strong> could indicate a <strong>urinary tract infection<\/strong>. I notice your <strong>urine<\/strong> looks cloudy too.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Resident<\/strong>: I also feel like I need to go constantly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>CNA Kelly<\/strong>: That <strong>urgency<\/strong> is another UTI symptom. I&#8217;ll collect a <strong>urine specimen<\/strong> for testing and increase your fluid intake.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Key Vocabulary<\/strong>: urinary drainage bag, dysuria, urinary tract infection, urine, urgency, urine specimen<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dialogue 9: Mental Health and Dementia Care<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>CNA Patricia<\/strong>: Good afternoon, Mr. Johnson. Do you remember me?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Resident<\/strong>: You look familiar, but I can&#8217;t place you. I&#8217;m so confused.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>CNA Patricia<\/strong>: That&#8217;s okay. You have <strong>dementia<\/strong>, which affects your <strong>memory<\/strong>. I&#8217;m Patricia, your nursing assistant.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Resident<\/strong>: I want to go home! Where is my wife?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>CNA Patricia<\/strong>: I understand you&#8217;re <strong>agitated<\/strong>. Let&#8217;s try some <strong>reminiscing<\/strong> about your wife. Can you tell me about her?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Key Vocabulary<\/strong>: dementia, memory, agitated, reminiscing<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dialogue 10: Emergency Situation<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>CNA Robert<\/strong>: Mrs. Davis, are you alright? You look pale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Resident<\/strong>: I feel dizzy and my <strong>chest<\/strong> is tight. I can&#8217;t breathe well.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>CNA Robert<\/strong>: You&#8217;re showing signs of <strong>pallor<\/strong> and <strong>dyspnea<\/strong>. This could be a <strong>heart attack<\/strong> or <strong>stroke<\/strong> symptom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Resident<\/strong>: My left arm is numb and tingling.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>CNA Robert<\/strong>: I&#8217;m calling for immediate help. Try to stay calm while I check your <strong>pulse<\/strong> and <strong>blood pressure<\/strong>. This could be a <strong>myocardial infarction<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Key Vocabulary<\/strong>: pallor, dyspnea, heart attack, stroke, pulse, blood pressure, myocardial infarction<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Practice Notes for English Learners:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Pronunciation Focus<\/strong>: Practice medical terms slowly, breaking them into syllables<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cultural Context<\/strong>: Learn professional, caring communication styles<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Documentation<\/strong>: Practice writing brief, clear notes about patient conditions<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Emergency Phrases<\/strong>: Memorize key phrases for urgent situations<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Patient Comfort<\/strong>: Use gentle, reassuring language when discussing medical conditions<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Module 13: Long Term Care Patient\/Resident Statement of Purpose: The purpose of this unit is to introduce the<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-48","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vesl.us\/aesl740\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/48","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vesl.us\/aesl740\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vesl.us\/aesl740\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vesl.us\/aesl740\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vesl.us\/aesl740\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=48"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/vesl.us\/aesl740\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/48\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":221,"href":"https:\/\/vesl.us\/aesl740\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/48\/revisions\/221"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vesl.us\/aesl740\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=48"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}