Module 14: Rehabilitative Nursing

Statement of Purpose: The purpose of this unit is to introduce the Nurse Assistant to restorative care. Each individual is entitled to reach his/her optimal level of functioning. The Nurse Assistant assists the patient/resident in achieving maximum independent living skills through use of rehabilitative or restorative procedures.

Module 14 Vocabulary Study Tool: https://claude.ai/public/artifacts/11cf294f-bb37-45eb-951f-65614f51ceca

Performance Standards (Objectives): Define key terminology:

1. Active-assistive range of motion

2. Active range of motion

3. Activities of daily living (ADL)

4. Adaptive

5. Airbed (Kinair, Clinitron, Hill-Rom)

6. Alternating pressure mattress

7. Ambulation

8. Atrophy

9. Bed cradle

10. Cast

11. Contractures

12. Decline

13. Decubitus

14. Disability

15. Egg-crate mattress

16. Embolism

17. Eversion

18. IDT-Interdisciplinary team

19. Heel/elbow protector

20. Fleece pad

21. Flotation pads

22. Foot board

23. Hemiplegia

24. Independence

25. Inversion

26. Joint

 27. Open Reduction Internal Fixation (ORIF)

28. Paralysis

29. Paraplegia

30. Passive range of motion

31. Phlebitis

32. Pneumonia

33. Pressure ulcers

34. Prosthesis

35. Quadriplegia

36. Range of Motion (ROM)

37. Restorative care/rehabilitation

38. Risk factors

39. Self-care activities

40. Stasis pneumonia

41. Thrombophlebitis

42. Traction

43. Trochanter rolls

44. Turn, cough, deep breathe (TCDB)

45. Water bed

Patient, resident, and client are synonymous terms referring to the person receiving care

Module 14 Vocabulary Sentences for CNA California Exam

Practice Sentences for Adult English Learners

1. The nursing assistant provided active-assistive range of motion by gently helping the resident move her shoulder while she tried to lift her arm.
2. The physical therapist was pleased that Mr. Johnson could perform active range of motion exercises by moving all his joints without any help.
3. Activities of daily living include basic tasks like brushing teeth, bathing, dressing, and eating meals independently.
4. The occupational therapist ordered an adaptive spoon with a large handle to help the resident with arthritis eat more easily.
5. The doctor ordered an airbed for Mrs. Smith because she was at high risk for developing pressure sores from lying in bed too long.
6. The alternating pressure mattress automatically changes which areas are inflated to prevent constant pressure on the same body parts.
7. The nursing assistant helped the resident with ambulation by walking slowly with him down the hallway.
8. After being in bed for several weeks, the resident developed atrophy in her leg muscles, making them weak and smaller.
9. The nursing assistant placed a bed cradle over the resident’s legs to keep the heavy blankets from pressing on his feet.
10. The doctor put a cast on the resident’s broken arm to keep the bones still while they heal.
11. Contractures developed in the resident’s fingers because she couldn’t move her joints regularly after her stroke.
12. The resident has the right to decline any treatment or procedure that she doesn’t want.
13. The nursing assistant checked the resident’s skin regularly to prevent decubitus ulcers from forming on pressure points.
14. The resident’s disability affects her ability to walk, so she uses a wheelchair to move around the facility.
15. The egg-crate mattress has a bumpy surface that helps distribute the resident’s weight more evenly.
16. The doctor was concerned about embolism risk, so the resident wore special stockings to prevent blood clots.
17. Eversion of the foot means turning the sole outward, away from the other foot.
18. The interdisciplinary team included the doctor, nurse, social worker, and physical therapist working together for the resident’s care.
19. The nursing assistant placed heel/elbow protectors on the resident to prevent skin breakdown from rubbing against the bed.
20. A soft fleece pad was placed under the resident’s back to provide extra cushioning and comfort.
21. Flotation pads filled with gel were used to reduce pressure on the resident’s tailbone area.
22. The foot board at the end of the bed kept the resident’s feet in the correct position to prevent foot drop.
23. After her stroke, the resident developed hemiplegia and could not move the left side of her body.
24. The goal of rehabilitation is to help residents achieve maximum independence in their daily activities.
25. Inversion of the foot means turning the sole inward, toward the other foot.
26. Each joint in the body allows bones to move in specific directions, like the knee bending and straightening.
27. The resident needed Open Reduction Internal Fixation surgery to repair her broken hip with metal screws and plates.
28. Paralysis in his legs meant the resident could not feel or move his lower body after his spinal injury.
29. The resident with paraplegia cannot move or feel his legs but has normal function in his arms and upper body.
30. The nursing assistant performed passive range of motion by gently moving the resident’s arms and legs through their normal movements.
31. Phlebitis caused swelling and pain in the resident’s leg vein, requiring medication and elevation.
32. The resident developed pneumonia and needed antibiotics and breathing treatments to clear the infection from her lungs.
33. Pressure ulcers form when blood flow is cut off to skin areas that have too much pressure for too long.
34. The resident learned to walk again using a prosthesis after his leg was amputated due to diabetes complications.
35. Quadriplegia means the resident cannot move or feel his arms or legs due to a high spinal cord injury.
36. Range of motion exercises help keep joints flexible and prevent stiffness in residents who cannot move regularly.
37. Restorative care focuses on helping residents regain as much independence as possible in their daily activities.
38. Risk factors for pressure ulcers include being bedridden, poor nutrition, and decreased sensation in the skin.
39. Self-care activities like combing hair and putting on clothes help residents maintain dignity and independence.
40. Stasis pneumonia can develop when residents don’t move enough and fluid collects in their lungs.
41. Thrombophlebitis is a serious condition where a blood clot causes inflammation in a vein.
42. The resident’s broken leg was in traction with weights and pulleys to keep the bones aligned while healing.
43. Trochanter rolls made from rolled towels were placed along the resident’s hips to prevent her legs from turning outward.
44. Turn, cough, deep breathe exercises help prevent pneumonia by keeping the lungs clear and expanded.
45. The water bed filled with warm water helped distribute the resident’s weight evenly and prevent pressure sores.

Module 14: 5 CNA Dialogues for English Learners

Dialogue 1: Morning Care Assessment

Maria (CNA): Good morning, Mr. Johnson. How are you feeling today?

Mr. Johnson: I’m okay, but my left side feels stiff.

Maria: I understand. You have hemiplegia from your stroke, so it’s normal to feel stiffness on one side. Let’s work on your range of motion exercises to help with that.

Mr. Johnson: Will that really help?

Maria: Yes, these exercises prevent contractures and atrophy. We’ll start with passive range of motion where I move your arm and leg, then progress to active-assistive range of motion where you help me.

Mr. Johnson: What’s the difference?

Maria: With passive ROM, I do all the work moving your joints. With active-assistive, you try to move while I help you. Our goal is independence in your activities of daily living.

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Dialogue 2: Preventing Pressure Ulcers

Sarah (CNA): Mrs. Chen, I need to reposition you now. You’ve been lying on your back for two hours.

Mrs. Chen: Why do I need to turn so often?

Sarah: Because staying in one position too long can cause pressure ulcers, also called decubitus ulcers. These are serious wounds that develop when there’s too much pressure on your skin.

Mrs. Chen: How do we prevent them?

Sarah: We turn you every two hours, use an alternating pressure mattress, and place flotation pads under your heels and elbows. I’m also going to put trochanter rolls along your sides to keep you in proper position.

Mrs. Chen: What are trochanter rolls?

Sarah: They’re rolled towels or special pads that prevent your hips from rotating outward. We also have heel and elbow protectors to cushion those bony areas.

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Dialogue 3: Post-Surgery Care

David (CNA): Good afternoon, Ms. Rodriguez. How are you feeling after your hip surgery?

Ms. Rodriguez: Sore, and I can’t move around much.

David: That’s expected. You had an ORIF – that’s Open Reduction Internal Fixation – to repair your fractured hip. The doctor put metal plates and screws inside to hold the bone together.

Ms. Rodriguez: When can I walk again?

David: The physical therapist will work with you on ambulation – that’s walking. Right now, we need to prevent complications like pneumonia and thrombophlebitis.

Ms. Rodriguez: What’s thrombophlebitis?

David: It’s when blood clots form in your veins, usually in your legs, and cause inflammation. That’s why we need you to do TCDB – turn, cough, and deep breathe – every two hours to keep your blood moving and your lungs clear.

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Dialogue 4: Rehabilitation Planning

Jennifer (CNA): Mr. Park, the IDT met yesterday to discuss your care plan.

Mr. Park: What’s IDT?

Jennifer: The Interdisciplinary Team – that’s your doctor, nurse, physical therapist, occupational therapist, and social worker. We all work together on your restorative care.

Mr. Park: What did you decide?

Jennifer: We want to focus on your self-care activities and reducing your risk factors for falls. Since you have paraplegia, we’ll work on upper body strength and transferring skills.

Mr. Park: Will I need any special equipment?

Jennifer: Yes, we’ll provide adaptive equipment to help with daily tasks. The goal is to help you reach your optimal level of functioning and prevent further decline.

Mr. Park: I appreciate all the help.

Jennifer: That’s what we’re here for – to support your journey toward independence.

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Dialogue 5: Equipment and Positioning

Robert (CNA): Mrs. Thompson, I’m going to set up some equipment to make you more comfortable.

Mrs. Thompson: What kind of equipment?

Robert: First, I’ll place this bed cradle over your feet. It lifts the blankets so there’s no pressure on your toes. I’m also putting this footboard at the end of your bed to prevent foot drop.

Mrs. Thompson: What’s foot drop?

Robert: It’s when your foot muscles become weak and your foot hangs down. The footboard helps maintain proper joint position. I’m also placing this fleece pad under your back for comfort.

Mrs. Thompson: This mattress feels different.

Robert: Yes, you’re on an egg-crate mattress. The foam has bumps like an egg carton that distribute pressure better. Some patients use an airbed or water bed for even better pressure relief.

Mrs. Thompson: Will this prevent sores?

Robert: It helps, along with regular turning and proper positioning. We also watch for eversion and inversion of your feet – that means turning outward or inward – to prevent problems.

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Key Learning Points

• Medical terminology is essential for CNAs to communicate effectively with patients and healthcare teams
• Patient positioning and pressure relief are critical skills for preventing complications
• Range of motion exercises help maintain joint function and prevent muscle wasting
• Interdisciplinary teamwork is fundamental to providing quality rehabilitative care
• Patient education helps individuals understand their care and participate in their recovery