CNA Patient Welcome Dialogues
Dialogue 1: Welcoming an Elderly Patient to Their Room
Setting: A hospital room, morning admission
Maria (CNA): Good morning! My name is Maria, and I’m going to be your nursing assistant today. May I come in?
Mr. Thompson (Patient): Yes, please come in.
Maria: Thank you, Mr. Thompson. How are you feeling this morning?
Mr. Thompson: A bit nervous, to be honest. I’ve never stayed in a hospital before.
Maria: That’s completely understandable. Many people feel that way on their first visit. I’m here to help make you as comfortable as possible. Let me show you around your room. This button here calls the nurse’s station if you need anything at all.
Mr. Thompson: Oh, that’s good to know.
Maria: And this remote controls your bed position and the television. Would you like me to adjust your bed right now?
Mr. Thompson: Maybe raise it up a little? It’s hard for me to see the TV from here.
Maria: Of course! Let me help you with that. Is this height better for you?
Mr. Thompson: Yes, much better. Thank you, dear.
Maria: You’re very welcome. The bathroom is right through that door. There are handrails to help you, and please use your call button if you need assistance walking there. We want to prevent any falls.
Mr. Thompson: I appreciate that. My balance isn’t what it used to be.
Maria: We’ll take good care of you. Is there anything I can get you right now? Some water, an extra blanket, or perhaps another pillow?
Mr. Thompson: Some water would be nice.
Maria: I’ll bring that right away. I’ll also be checking on you regularly throughout my shift. Do you have any questions for me?
Mr. Thompson: When will I see the doctor?
Maria: Dr. Martinez should be making rounds around 10 a.m., so in about an hour. I’ll let you know when she’s on her way.
Mr. Thompson: Thank you so much. You’ve been very helpful.
Maria: That’s what I’m here for, Mr. Thompson. I’ll be right back with your water.
Dialogue 2: Welcoming a Young Adult from a Different Cultural Background
Setting: Emergency department observation room, evening
James (CNA): Hello, I’m James, one of the nursing assistants here. I’ll be helping take care of you tonight. What name would you like me to call you?
Fatima (Patient): You can call me Fatima. Nice to meet you.
James: Nice to meet you too, Fatima. I see from your chart that you’re here for observation after your accident. How’s your pain level right now, on a scale from zero to ten, with ten being the worst?
Fatima: Maybe a five or six. It hurts, but I can handle it.
James: I’ll make sure the nurse knows. We want to keep you comfortable. Is there anyone you’d like us to call? A family member or friend?
Fatima: I already called my sister. She’s on her way.
James: Great. When she arrives, she can come right in. There are no visiting hour restrictions in this unit. Now, let me explain what we’ll be doing. I’ll be checking your vital signs—that’s your blood pressure, temperature, and heart rate—every hour.
Fatima: Okay, that sounds fine.
James: I noticed on your paperwork that you have some dietary preferences. We have halal meal options available. Would you like me to arrange that for your meals?
Fatima: Oh yes, please! I wasn’t sure if I should ask about that.
James: Absolutely! It’s important that we respect your needs. We want you to feel comfortable here. Is there anything else related to your cultural or religious practices that we should know about?
Fatima: Well, I wear my headscarf, even when sleeping. Is that okay?
James: Of course! You can keep wearing it. If we need to examine your head for any reason, we’ll ask permission first and ensure your privacy. We have female staff available too if you would prefer.
Fatima: That’s really thoughtful. Thank you.
James: We’re here to support you. The bathroom is right over there. Please call me before you try to walk, okay? We need to make sure you’re steady on your feet after your accident.
Fatima: I will. Thank you for being so understanding.
James: That’s my job, and I’m happy to help. I’ll bring you some water and check back in fifteen minutes. Just press this button if you need me sooner.
Dialogue 3: Welcoming a Child Patient with Parent Present
Setting: Pediatric unit, afternoon
Sarah (CNA): knocks gently Knock, knock! Can I come in?
Tommy (8-year-old patient): quietly Okay…
Sarah: Hi there! My name is Sarah, and I’m going to be helping take care of you today. What’s your name?
Tommy: Tommy.
Sarah: It’s nice to meet you, Tommy! And you must be Tommy’s mom?
Mrs. Chen (Mother): Yes, I’m Lisa Chen. Nice to meet you.
Sarah: Nice to meet you too, Mrs. Chen. Tommy, I really like your superhero t-shirt! Is that your favorite superhero?
Tommy: perking up slightly Yeah, it’s Spider-Man. He’s the coolest.
Sarah: Spider-Man is awesome! You know what? You’re pretty brave like Spider-Man, coming to the hospital today. I bet he would be proud of you.
Tommy: small smile You think so?
Sarah: I know so! Now, let me show you some cool things about your room. See this bed? It has special buttons that make it go up and down, kind of like a ride! Want to try?
Tommy: Can I?
Sarah: Sure! Let me show you. demonstrates the bed controls You can make the head part go up when you want to sit up, and down when you want to rest. Pretty neat, right?
Tommy: That’s cool!
Mrs. Chen: Tommy’s a little worried about the needle for his IV later.
Sarah: kneeling down to Tommy’s eye level You know what, Tommy? It’s okay to feel worried. A lot of kids—and even grown-ups—don’t like needles. Can I tell you a secret?
Tommy: What?
Sarah: The nurse who puts in the IV is really, really good at her job. She’s super gentle. And you can squeeze your mom’s hand really tight if you want. Some kids also like to take deep breaths or watch a video on the tablet. Would any of those things help you?
Tommy: Maybe watching a video?
Sarah: That’s a great choice! We have tablets with games and videos. I’ll make sure you have one before the nurse comes. Mrs. Chen, you’re welcome to stay with Tommy the whole time. We actually encourage parents to stay.
Mrs. Chen: Thank you. That makes us both feel better.
Sarah: Tommy, do you have any questions for me? Anything you want to know about?
Tommy: When can I go home?
Sarah: That’s a great question! The doctor will talk to you and your mom about that after she examines you. She should be here soon. Until then, is there anything I can get you? We have juice boxes, crackers, and Popsicles.
Tommy: looking at his mom Can I have a Popsicle?
Mrs. Chen: looks at Sarah questioningly
Sarah: Let me check his diet orders… Yes, he can have a Popsicle! What flavor would you like, Tommy? We have red, orange, and purple.
Tommy: Red, please!
Sarah: One red Popsicle coming right up! I’ll be back in just a minute. Remember, if you need anything, just press this button, and I’ll come help you.
Dialogue 4: Welcoming a Middle-Aged Patient Who Speaks Limited English
Setting: Medical-surgical unit, early morning
David (CNA): Good morning! I am David. I am your nursing assistant. speaks slowly and clearly
Mr. Garcia (Patient): looking uncertain Buenos días…
David: Do you speak English, or would you prefer Spanish?
Mr. Garcia: Little English… pequeño. Not so good.
David: That’s okay! I speak a little Spanish. We also have translation services. I will get a translator to help us. gestures to phone One moment, please.
Mr. Garcia: Okay, gracias.
David: calls translation service and puts phone on speaker Hello, Mr. Garcia. Now we have a translator who can help us understand each other better.
Translator (via phone): Buenos días, señor García. Soy un intérprete y estoy aquí para ayudarles.
Mr. Garcia: relaxing visibly Ah, sí, gracias.
David: to translator Please tell Mr. Garcia that I’m here to help him feel comfortable and safe. I will be checking on him during my shift.
Translator: translates
Mr. Garcia: through translator Thank you. I was worried no one would understand me.
David: speaking to Mr. Garcia directly with gestures We are here to help you. points to self, then to Mr. Garcia, then makes a helping gesture You are safe here.
Mr. Garcia: nods with understanding Sí, yes.
David: holds up a picture card showing water Would you like water?
Mr. Garcia: Yes, water, please.
David: through translator Mr. Garcia, I want to show you some important things in your room. This button points to call button calls the nurse. Please use it when you need help. We can keep the translator on the phone whenever you need.
Translator: translates
Mr. Garcia: nods Okay, I understand.
David: points to bathroom and makes walking gesture Bathroom here. Please makes calling gesture call me before you walk. Safety is very important.
Mr. Garcia: through translator My daughter will come later today. She speaks English very well.
David: That’s wonderful! What time will she arrive?
Mr. Garcia: through translator Around noon, after her work.
David: Perfect. I will make a note in your chart. When she comes, we can talk together about your care. shows thumbs up
Mr. Garcia: smiles and returns thumbs up Thank you. You are very kind.
David: to translator Please tell Mr. Garcia that we have written materials in Spanish about the hospital. I will bring them to him.
Translator: translates
Mr. Garcia: That would help very much.
David: I will bring water, and I will check on you often. makes gesture showing repeated checking If you need me, press this button. points to call button again
Mr. Garcia: Sí, I will. Thank you, David.
David: You’re welcome, Mr. Garcia. offers handshake
Dialogue 5: Welcoming a Patient with Hearing Impairment
Setting: Rehabilitation unit, afternoon
Michelle (CNA): knocks on open door and waves to get attention
Mrs. Patterson (Patient): looks up and gestures Michelle in
Michelle: enters and faces Mrs. Patterson directly, speaking clearly while also writing on a small whiteboard Hello! My name is Michelle. I am your CNA.
Mrs. Patterson: points to her ear and shakes her head I can’t hear well. I read lips.
Michelle: nods, positions herself where Mrs. Patterson can see her face clearly, and speaks slowly without exaggerating I understand. I will speak clearly and face you when I talk. I also have this whiteboard if we need it.
Mrs. Patterson: That helps. Thank you. My hearing aids are broken.
Michelle: writes on whiteboard: “When will you get new hearing aids?”
Mrs. Patterson: My son is bringing them tomorrow. He’s getting them repaired.
Michelle: giving thumbs up Good! Let me show you your room. gestures around the room and speaks while facing her This is the call button. points to it, then writes on whiteboard: “Press for help”
Mrs. Patterson: I see it.
Michelle: faces Mrs. Patterson and speaks clearly I want to make sure you can always reach me. I will check on you regularly. If you press the button, I will come. The light outside your door will turn on so we know you called.
Mrs. Patterson: What if I need help in the bathroom?
Michelle: walks to bathroom, shows her the pull cord There is a cord here in the bathroom. demonstrates pulling it Pull this if you need help. We will come quickly.
Mrs. Patterson: Okay, I understand.
Michelle: sits down so she’s at eye level, speaks clearly Are you comfortable right now? Can I get you anything?
Mrs. Patterson: I’m okay for now. You’re very patient with me.
Michelle: smiles warmly It’s important that we communicate well. You deserve good care. writes on whiteboard: “I’m here to help you.”
Mrs. Patterson: You’re very kind. Most people get frustrated when I can’t hear them.
Michelle: shakes head and speaks clearly while facing her Not here. We have time to communicate properly. If I forget to face you when speaking, please remind me.
Mrs. Patterson: I will. Thank you.
Michelle: writes on whiteboard while speaking “I will be back in 30 minutes to check on you. Is that okay?”
Mrs. Patterson: Yes, that’s fine.
Michelle: stands and faces her Before I go, do you have any questions for me?
Mrs. Patterson: Will the doctor come today?
Michelle: writes on whiteboard: “Dr. Kim will visit at 4 PM – about one hour from now”
Mrs. Patterson: Perfect. I’ll be ready.
Michelle: waves goodbye I’ll see you soon!
Dialogue 6: Welcoming an Anxious First-Time Patient
Setting: Same-day surgery unit, early morning
Robert (CNA): Good morning! I’m Robert, your nursing assistant for today. You must be Ms. Johnson?
Ms. Johnson (Patient): nervously Yes, that’s me. I’m here for my knee surgery.
Robert: That’s right. I see this is your first surgery. How are you feeling about everything?
Ms. Johnson: Honestly? I’m terrified. I barely slept last night. My hands won’t stop shaking.
Robert: speaks in a calm, reassuring voice I really appreciate you being honest with me about how you’re feeling. It’s completely normal to feel nervous before surgery. Many patients feel the same way.
Ms. Johnson: Really? I feel so silly being this scared.
Robert: Not at all! There’s nothing silly about it. This is a big deal, and it’s okay to feel anxious. Let me explain what’s going to happen step by step. Sometimes knowing what to expect helps people feel more in control. Would that help you?
Ms. Johnson: Yes, please. I hate not knowing what’s coming next.
Robert: I understand. So right now, we’re going to get you settled in this room. I’ll help you change into a hospital gown, and then I’ll take your vital signs—that’s your blood pressure, temperature, and heart rate. Nothing painful, I promise.
Ms. Johnson: Okay, I can handle that.
Robert: After that, the anesthesiologist will come talk to you about the anesthesia. You can ask them any questions. Then your surgeon, Dr. Patel, will come by to answer any last-minute questions you might have.
Ms. Johnson: Will you stay with me?
Robert: I’ll be here until they take you to the operating room. I’ll stay right here with you, and I’ll make sure you understand everything that’s happening.
Ms. Johnson: sighs with relief That makes me feel so much better.
Robert: Good! Now, when they’re ready for you, a nurse will bring you to the operating room. Your IV will already be in place by then. Once you’re in the OR, they’ll give you medicine to help you relax, and you’ll fall asleep. When you wake up, the surgery will be finished, and you’ll be in the recovery area.
Ms. Johnson: What if I wake up during surgery?
Robert: That’s a very common worry, but with modern anesthesia, that won’t happen. The anesthesiologist monitors you very carefully the entire time to make sure you stay safely asleep. You can ask them more about this when they come talk to you.
Ms. Johnson: Will I be in a lot of pain when I wake up?
Robert: The team will give you pain medication to keep you comfortable. If you feel pain, you just tell them, and they’ll adjust your medication. Managing your pain is a priority.
Ms. Johnson: You’re making this seem less scary.
Robert: That’s my goal! I want you to feel as comfortable as possible. Is there anything I can do right now to help you relax? Some patients like to listen to music or do breathing exercises.
Ms. Johnson: I did bring my headphones. Maybe some music would help.
Robert: That’s a great idea. You can listen to music right up until they take you back. Now, let me get you a warm blanket—that often helps people feel more comfortable. And I’ll get you some water too, if you’d like. When did you last eat or drink?
Ms. Johnson: I stopped at midnight, just like the instructions said.
Robert: Perfect. You followed the instructions exactly right. See? You’re already doing great! I’ll be right back with that warm blanket. Do you need anything else?
Ms. Johnson: No, you’ve been wonderful. Thank you for being so patient with all my worries.
Robert: That’s what I’m here for, Ms. Johnson. Your feelings matter, and I want you to feel supported. I’ll be back in just a moment.
Dialogue 7: Welcoming an Elderly Patient Who Lives Alone
Setting: Skilled nursing facility, late afternoon
Angela (CNA): knocks softly Hello! May I come in?
Mr. Rodriguez (Patient): Please, come in.
Angela: Hi, Mr. Rodriguez. My name is Angela, and I’ll be one of your nursing assistants here. I’m working the evening shift today. How are you settling in?
Mr. Rodriguez: It’s all very overwhelming, to be honest. I’ve lived alone for ten years since my wife passed away. This is a big change.
Angela: I can only imagine how difficult this transition must be for you. Moving here is a major adjustment, especially when you’ve been independent for so long.
Mr. Rodriguez: My daughter insisted I couldn’t manage at home anymore after my fall. I suppose she’s right, but I miss my house.
Angela: That’s a very understandable feeling. Your home holds many memories, I’m sure. We want to help make this room feel as much like home as we can. Have you been able to bring any personal items with you?
Mr. Rodriguez: My daughter brought some photographs and my favorite chair. She’ll bring more things tomorrow.
Angela: That’s wonderful. Personal belongings can really help a room feel more comfortable and familiar. Would you like help arranging your photographs? We could put them where you can see them easily.
Mr. Rodriguez: That would be nice. I can’t reach very well to hang things.
Angela: I’d be happy to help you with that. We can do it together, and you can tell me who’s in each photo. I’d love to hear about your family.
Mr. Rodriguez: smiling slightly I’d like that. I have three grandchildren.
Angela: How wonderful! I bet you have great stories about them. Now, let me explain our daily routine here so you know what to expect. That might help everything feel less overwhelming.
Mr. Rodriguez: Yes, please. I like to know what’s happening.
Angela: Of course. Someone will check on you regularly throughout the day and night. We help residents with whatever they need—bathing, dressing, meals, walking to activities. You can be as independent as you want to be, and we’ll help with the rest.
Mr. Rodriguez: I can still do a lot for myself. I don’t want to be treated like a child.
Angela: I completely understand, and we respect that. We believe in encouraging independence. You tell us what you can do and what you need help with, and we’ll follow your lead. We’re here to support you, not take over.
Mr. Rodriguez: That’s a relief to hear.
Angela: We have activities every day if you’re interested—games, music, movies, exercise classes. It’s a nice way to meet other residents, but there’s never any pressure to participate.
Mr. Rodriguez: I’m not much of a joiner.
Angela: And that’s perfectly fine. Some residents prefer quiet time in their rooms, and that’s okay too. Whatever makes you comfortable. Do you have any hobbies you enjoy?
Mr. Rodriguez: I used to read a lot. My eyes aren’t as good as they used to be, though.
Angela: We have large-print books in our library, and we can also arrange for audio books if you’d like. Would either of those interest you?
Mr. Rodriguez: Audio books might be nice. I haven’t tried those before.
Angela: I’ll make a note of that and get some information for you. Is there anything you need right now? Are you hungry or thirsty?
Mr. Rodriguez: I could use some water.
Angela: I’ll bring that right away. Dinner is served at 6 p.m. in the dining room, but if you’d prefer, we can bring your meals to your room, especially these first few days while you’re getting adjusted.
Mr. Rodriguez: Maybe I’ll eat in here tonight. I’m not quite ready to meet everyone yet.
Angela: That’s completely understandable. I’ll have your dinner brought to your room. Tomorrow or the next day, when you feel ready, you can try the dining room. There’s no rush.
Mr. Rodriguez: Thank you for understanding. Everyone here has been very kind.
Angela: We’re glad you feel that way. We want you to feel at home here, Mr. Rodriguez. Let me get your water, and then we can arrange those photos if you’d like.
Dialogue 8: Welcoming a Young Patient After an Accident
Setting: Orthopedic unit, morning
Carlos (CNA): knocks Good morning! Can I come in?
Jake (19-year-old patient): Yeah, come in.
Carlos: Hey, I’m Carlos, one of the nursing assistants on this unit. I’ll be taking care of you until 3 p.m. today. You’re Jake, right?
Jake: Yeah, that’s me.
Carlos: I see from your chart you had a pretty serious motorcycle accident. How are you feeling right now?
Jake: Like I got hit by a truck, honestly. Everything hurts.
Carlos: I bet. You broke your leg in two places—that’s painful. Have you had your pain medication this morning?
Jake: Yeah, the nurse gave me something about an hour ago.
Carlos: Good. On a scale of zero to ten, how’s your pain now?
Jake: Maybe a six? It’s not terrible, but it’s not great either.
Carlos: Okay, I’ll let your nurse know. If it gets worse, just press your call button. We want to stay on top of your pain. Now, is this your first time in the hospital?
Jake: First time staying overnight. I can’t believe this happened. I’m supposed to start college next month.
Carlos: That’s rough timing. I’m sorry you’re going through this. Are you worried about missing the start of school?
Jake: Yeah, definitely. I worked so hard to get that scholarship. What if I lose it?
Carlos: Those are real concerns, and it’s understandable that you’re worried. Have you talked to anyone at your college yet?
Jake: My mom called them. They said they’d work with me, but I don’t know what that means.
Carlos: That’s a good first step. Most schools are pretty understanding about medical situations. Once your doctor has a better idea of your recovery timeline, you’ll have more information to share with them.
Jake: I guess. This just sucks. Sorry, I don’t mean to complain.
Carlos: Hey, you’re allowed to feel frustrated. You’re nineteen, you just got hurt, your plans are uncertain—anyone would be upset. Don’t apologize for having feelings.
Jake: Thanks, man.
Carlos: No problem. Now, let me go over some practical stuff with you. You’ve got a cast on your leg, and you’ll need to use crutches for a while. Physical therapy will work with you on that before you go home.
Jake: I’ve never used crutches before.
Carlos: They’ll teach you everything you need to know. It takes some practice, but you’ll get the hang of it. You’re young and strong—that works in your favor for recovery.
Jake: How long do you think I’ll need them?
Carlos: That’s really up to your doctor to say. Everyone heals differently. The important thing is to follow your doctor’s instructions and not try to do too much too soon. I know that’s hard when you’re used to being active.
Jake: Yeah, I play sports. Well, I used to.
Carlos: You might be surprised. With proper healing and physical therapy, a lot of people get back to their normal activities. But we’re getting ahead of ourselves. Right now, focus on healing.
Jake: You’re right. One day at a time, I guess.
Carlos: Exactly. That’s a good attitude. Is there anything I can get you? Are your parents coming today?
Jake: My mom’s coming at lunch. She’s been here every day.
Carlos: That’s good. It helps to have support. When she gets here, if you guys have questions, I’m around. Until then, do you need anything? Water? Something to read? Want me to adjust your bed?
Jake: Could you raise the head of the bed a little? And maybe some water?
Carlos: Sure thing. Let me get that for you right now. adjusts bed How’s that?
Jake: Better, thanks.
Carlos: I’ll grab that water. And hey, Jake? I know this is tough right now, but you’re going to get through this.
Jake: I hope so. Thanks, Carlos.
Dialogue 9: Welcoming a Patient from a Different Cultural Background (Asian)
Setting: Medical unit, afternoon
Jennifer (CNA): knocks gently Hello, may I enter?
Mrs. Kim (Patient): Yes, please come in.
Jennifer: Good afternoon, Mrs. Kim. My name is Jennifer, and I’m your nursing assistant today. How are you feeling?
Mrs. Kim: I am okay, thank you. You are very polite.
Jennifer: Thank you. I want to make sure you’re comfortable here. I notice from your admission form that you prefer Mrs. Kim. Is that correct, or is there another name you’d like me to use?
Mrs. Kim: Mrs. Kim is good. In my culture, we use family name with title. You are very respectful to ask.
Jennifer: I appreciate you sharing that with me. I want to make sure I address you properly. Is your family planning to visit today?
Mrs. Kim: My son and daughter will come after work, maybe 5 o’clock. They are very busy with their jobs.
Jennifer: I understand. When they arrive, they’re welcome to stay with you. There’s a chair that converts into a small bed if anyone would like to stay overnight.
Mrs. Kim: Oh, that is very kind. My daughter may want to stay.
Jennifer: That’s not a problem at all. Now, let me explain about your meals. I see you requested Asian menu options. We have those available. Would you like rice with your meals?
Mrs. Kim: Yes, please. I am not used to eating bread with every meal. In my country, we eat rice.
Jennifer: Of course! I’ll make sure your meal trays include rice. Is there anything else about food that I should know? Any foods you cannot eat or prefer not to eat?
Mrs. Kim: I don’t eat raw vegetables very much. We usually cook our vegetables.
Jennifer: I’ll make a note of that. We can make sure your vegetables are cooked. Are there any religious or cultural dietary restrictions I should be aware of?
Mrs. Kim: No, I eat everything except I prefer vegetables cooked, and I like warm drinks, not cold drinks with ice.
Jennifer: That’s very helpful to know. I’ll make sure you get hot tea or warm water instead of ice water. Do you drink coffee or tea?
Mrs. Kim: I like green tea very much.
Jennifer: We have green tea available. I’ll bring some for you. Now, is there anything about your care that’s important to your culture? We want to respect your traditions and beliefs.
Mrs. Kim: looking relieved You are very thoughtful. In my culture, we respect modesty very much. I feel more comfortable with female staff when I need help bathing or dressing.
Jennifer: I completely understand, and we can absolutely arrange that. I’ll make a note in your chart, and we’ll make sure female staff assist you with personal care.
Mrs. Kim: Thank you so much. I was worried to ask.
Jennifer: Please don’t worry! These things are important, and we want you to feel comfortable. Is there anything else I should know?
Mrs. Kim: Some American hospitals are very loud. In my country, hospitals are more quiet. Is it possible to have less noise?
Jennifer: That’s a great point. I’ll make sure your door is closed most of the time to keep hallway noise out. We’ll also keep our voices down when we’re in your room. If it’s too noisy at any time, please let us know.
Mrs. Kim: You are very understanding. I feel much better now.
Jennifer: I’m so glad. We want you to feel at home here as much as possible. Do you have any questions for me?
Mrs. Kim: When will the doctor come?
Jennifer: Dr. Anderson usually makes rounds between 4 and 5 p.m., so possibly around the same time your children arrive. Would you like your son and daughter to be here when the doctor visits?
Mrs. Kim: Oh yes, that would be very good. My English is okay, but my son can help explain medical words I don’t understand.
Jennifer: That’s a good idea. I’ll let the nurse know that you’d like your family present for the doctor’s visit if possible. We’ll do our best to coordinate that.
Mrs. Kim: Thank you very much for your kindness.
Jennifer: You’re very welcome, Mrs. Kim. I’ll be back shortly with your green tea. Please use your call button if you need anything before then.
Dialogue 10: Welcoming a Patient with Mobility Issues
Setting: Rehabilitation center, morning
Marcus (CNA): knocks and enters Good morning! I’m Marcus, your nursing assistant. You must be Ms. Washington?
Ms. Washington (Patient): Yes, that’s right. Good morning.
Marcus: How was your first night here? Did you sleep okay?
Ms. Washington: Not great, honestly. Strange bed, strange place. You know how it is.
Marcus: I do know. The first night is often the hardest. Hopefully tonight will be better. I see from your chart that you’re here for rehabilitation after your stroke. How are you feeling today?
Ms. Washington: Frustrated, if I’m being honest. My left side still isn’t working right.
Marcus: I can understand that frustration. Recovery from a stroke takes time, and I know that can feel discouraging. But you’re in the right place. The therapists here are excellent.
Ms. Washington: I just want to walk normally again. I hate this wheelchair.
Marcus: That’s a very normal feeling. The good news is that you’ll be working with physical therapists who specialize in helping people regain their mobility. Progress happens gradually, but it does happen.
Ms. Washington: I hope you’re right.
Marcus: I’ve seen many patients improve during their time here. Now, let me talk about safety while you’re in this room. Because you have weakness on your left side, we want to prevent any falls. Do you see this call button?
Ms. Washington: Yes, I see it.
Marcus: Please use it whenever you need to get up or move around. Don’t try to do it alone, especially at first. We need to make sure you’re safe.
Ms. Washington: I’m not helpless. I can do some things for myself.
Marcus: Of course you can, and we want you to do as much as you’re able to do safely. Independence is good—that’s part of rehabilitation. But we also need to prevent injuries that could set back your progress. Does that make sense?
Ms. Washington: I suppose so. I’m just not used to asking for help with everything.
Marcus: I understand. It’s a difficult adjustment. Here’s what I suggest: we work together to figure out what you can do safely by yourself and what you need help with. That way you maintain your independence where possible and get support where you need it.
Ms. Washington: That sounds more reasonable.
Marcus: Good. Now, let me position everything you might need within easy reach of your right hand. Your water cup, call button, phone, remote control—everything on your right side where you can access it easily.
Ms. Washington: That’s helpful, thank you.
Marcus: You’re welcome. I’m also going to move this table so your wheelchair can fit comfortably. adjusts the table Is this a good position for you?
Ms. Washington: Yes, that works.
Marcus: Perfect. Now, your physical therapy session is scheduled for 10 a.m. this morning. The therapist will come get you. Do you need help getting dressed before then?
Ms. Washington: I can put on my shirt and pants, but I might need help with my shoes and socks. My left hand doesn’t grip well yet.
Marcus: That’s great that you can dress yourself! I’ll come back in about thirty minutes to help you with your shoes and socks. How does that sound?
Ms. Washington: That works for me.
Marcus: Excellent. In the meantime, would you like some breakfast? What can I bring you?
Ms. Washington: Toast and coffee would be nice.
Marcus: Toast and coffee coming up. Do you take anything in your coffee?
Ms. Washington: Just a little cream, please.
Marcus: Got it. I’ll be back with your breakfast in about ten minutes, and then I’ll help you with your shoes before therapy. Do you have any questions for me right now?
Ms. Washington: No, I think we covered everything. Thank you for being patient with me.
Marcus: That’s my job, Ms. Washington. And honestly, you’re doing great. Recovery takes courage, and you’ve got that. I’ll be right back.
Dialogue 11: Welcoming a Patient Who Is Hard of Hearing (With Family)
Setting: Cardiac care unit, afternoon
Lisa (CNA): knocks loudly and enters
Mr. O’Brien (Patient): points to his ear and shakes head
Mrs. O’Brien (Wife): He can’t hear very well! You need to speak loudly!
Lisa: speaks in a loud, clear voice directly facing Mr. O’Brien HELLO, MR. O’BRIEN. MY NAME IS LISA. I AM YOUR NURSING ASSISTANT.
Mr. O’Brien: nods Nice to meet you!
Lisa: to Mrs. O’Brien Hello, I’m Lisa. I’ll be helping care for your husband today.
Mrs. O’Brien: I’m Margaret, his wife. He has hearing aids, but he left them at home. He hates wearing them.
Lisa: faces Mr. O’Brien and speaks loudly and clearly MR. O’BRIEN, CAN YOU UNDERSTAND ME WHEN I TALK LIKE THIS?
Mr. O’Brien: Yes! You’re speaking clearly!
Lisa: gives thumbs up GOOD! I’M GOING TO SPEAK LOUDLY AND FACE YOU SO YOU CAN SEE MY LIPS. IS THAT OKAY?
Mr. O’Brien: That helps! Thank you!
Mrs. O’Brien: He reads lips pretty well when people face him and speak clearly.
Lisa: to Mr. O’Brien, speaking loudly MRS. O’BRIEN, WILL SOMEONE BRING YOUR HEARING AIDS?
Mr. O’Brien: My son is bringing them tomorrow!
Lisa: thumbs up EXCELLENT! NOW, LET ME SHOW YOU YOUR ROOM. gestures around
Mr. O’Brien: Okay!
Lisa: picks up call button and holds it up to show him THIS BUTTON CALLS THE NURSE. demonstrates pressing it PRESS THIS IF YOU NEED HELP.
Mr. O’Brien: I understand!
Lisa: speaks to both of them I want to make sure Mr. O’Brien can communicate with us easily. When he presses the call button, the staff will come to the room. We won’t try to talk through the intercom since he can’t hear it well.
Mrs. O’Brien: That’s very thoughtful. Some hospitals just talk through that speaker, and he can’t understand a word.
Lisa: faces Mr. O’Brien WE WILL COME TO YOUR ROOM IN PERSON WHEN YOU CALL. NO SPEAKER.
Mr. O’Brien: Good! I can’t hear those speakers!
Lisa: nods and speaks loudly I UNDERSTAND. WE WILL ALWAYS COME TO YOUR ROOM.
Mrs. O’Brien: How long can I stay with him?
Lisa: You can stay as long as you’d like. There are no visiting hour restrictions in this unit. We encourage family to be here.
Mrs. O’Brien: Oh good. I want to be here to help him understand what the doctors say.
Lisa: to Mr. O’Brien YOUR WIFE CAN STAY WITH YOU. SHE CAN HELP YOU TALK TO THE DOCTORS.
Mr. O’Brien: She always comes to my appointments! I need her help!
Lisa: smiling THAT’S WONDERFUL THAT YOU WORK TOGETHER AS A TEAM.
Mr. O’Brien: Fifty-two years of marriage! holds up his wife’s hand
Lisa: enthusiastically CONGRATULATIONS! THAT’S AMAZING! shows big smile and applause gesture
Mrs. O’Brien: We’ve been through a lot together. This heart problem is just one more thing.
Lisa: to Mr. O’Brien YOUR HEART DOCTOR WILL VISIT YOU LATER TODAY.
Mr. O’Brien: What time?
Lisa: holds up fingers to show numbers AROUND 4 OR 5 O’CLOCK THIS AFTERNOON.
Mr. O’Brien: Okay, good!
Lisa: to Mrs. O’Brien Is there anything else I should know about communicating with Mr. O’Brien?
Mrs. O’Brien: Just speak clearly and face him. And be patient if he needs you to repeat something.
Lisa: faces Mr. O’Brien I WILL ALWAYS SPEAK CLEARLY. IF YOU DON’T UNDERSTAND, JUST TELL ME TO REPEAT.
Mr. O’Brien: You’re very kind! Thank you!
Lisa: to both CAN I GET YOU ANYTHING? WATER? BLANKETS?
Mr. O’Brien: Some water would be nice!
Lisa: holds up two fingers questioningly TWO WATERS? ONE FOR EACH OF YOU?
Mrs. O’Brien: Yes, please! That would be lovely.
Lisa: thumbs up I’LL BE RIGHT BACK! waves
Dialogue 12: Welcoming a Patient with Dementia
Setting: Memory care unit, morning
Patricia (CNA): enters slowly and speaks in a calm, gentle voice Good morning! My name is Patricia. May I come in and visit with you?
Mrs. Ellis (Patient with dementia): looks confused Who are you? Where am I?
Patricia: approaches slowly and sits down at eye level My name is Patricia, and I’m here to help you. You’re in a safe place. This is your room.
Mrs. Ellis: My room? This isn’t my room. Where’s my husband?
Patricia: speaks in a soothing tone I know this place might seem unfamiliar. Can you tell me your name?
Mrs. Ellis: I’m Dorothy. Dorothy Ellis. I need to go home and make dinner for Harold.
Patricia: It’s nice to meet you, Dorothy. You don’t need to worry about making dinner right now. Everything is taken care of.
Mrs. Ellis: becoming agitated But Harold will be hungry! He comes home from work at 6 o’clock!
Patricia: remains calm and doesn’t correct her I understand you want to take care of Harold. You’re a good wife. Right now, though, you can rest. Let’s look at these nice pictures here. points to family photos Do you know who this is?
Mrs. Ellis: calming down That’s my daughter, Susan. And those are my grandchildren.
Patricia: What beautiful grandchildren! They look very happy in this picture. Do they visit you?
Mrs. Ellis: Sometimes. Susan is always so busy with work.
Patricia: It sounds like you miss them. Would you like to sit by the window? We can look outside together.
Mrs. Ellis: I suppose so. I don’t know what I’m supposed to be doing.
Patricia: helps her to the chair by the window You don’t have to do anything right now. It’s nice to just sit and relax sometimes, isn’t it?
Mrs. Ellis: The sun feels nice.
Patricia: It does! It’s a beautiful morning. Would you like something to drink? Some juice or water?
Mrs. Ellis: Do you have tea?
Patricia: Yes, we have tea! Would you like some?
Mrs. Ellis: Yes, please. With sugar.
Patricia: Tea with sugar. I’ll bring that for you. I’ll be right back, Dorothy.
Mrs. Ellis: What’s your name again?
Patricia: My name is Patricia. I’m here to help you and keep you company.
Mrs. Ellis: That’s nice. You’re very kind.
Patricia: Thank you. I’ll be right back with your tea. returns a few minutes later Here’s your tea, Dorothy. Be careful—it’s hot.
Mrs. Ellis: takes the tea Thank you. You remind me of my daughter.
Patricia: That’s a lovely thing to say. Your daughter must be a nice person.
Mrs. Ellis: She is. I raised her well. pauses Where am I again?
Patricia: You’re here with me, and you’re safe. See your pictures here? And your comfortable chair? This is your special room.
Mrs. Ellis: It’s nice here. Peaceful.
Patricia: I’m glad you feel that way. I’m going to stay here with you while you drink your tea. Then maybe we can look at more of your family pictures together.
Mrs. Ellis: I’d like that.
Dialogue 13: Welcoming a Patient Who Is Visually Impaired
Setting: Medical-surgical unit, afternoon
Eric (CNA): speaks before entering Hello! My name is Eric, and I’m your nursing assistant. May I come in?
Mr. Jackson (Patient): Yes, come in.
Eric: enters and speaks clearly Good afternoon, Mr. Jackson. I’m approaching your bed now from your right side. I’m about to touch your hand to introduce myself. Is that okay?
Mr. Jackson: Yes, that’s fine.
Eric: gently touches his hand Nice to meet you. I’ll be taking care of you until 7 p.m. this evening. I understand you have low vision. What’s the best way for me to help you?
Mr. Jackson: I can see shapes and some light, but I can’t see details. I appreciate you telling me where you are.
Eric: I’ll make sure to do that. I’ll always announce myself when I enter your room and tell you when I’m leaving. I’ll also describe what I’m doing before I do it.
Mr. Jackson: That would be very helpful. I hate when people just start touching me without warning.
Eric: I completely understand. No one likes surprises when they can’t see what’s happening. Let me orient you to your room. Would you like to touch things as I describe them, or would you prefer I just tell you?
Mr. Jackson: Let me touch them. That helps me remember where everything is.
Eric: Perfect. I’m going to guide your right hand now. Here’s your call button. places it in his hand Feel the shape? There’s a large button in the center. Press that when you need help.
Mr. Jackson: feels it Okay, I’ve got it.
Eric: I’m placing it on your bed rail on your right side, right about here. guides his hand to the location Can you find it?
Mr. Jackson: reaches for it Yes, I can reach it easily.
Eric: Excellent. Now here’s your water cup. places it in his hand It has a lid and a straw. I’m putting it on your bedside table, also on your right side, about twelve inches from your hand.
Mr. Jackson: reaches and finds it Got it.
Eric: Great. Your bathroom is directly across from the foot of your bed, about ten steps straight ahead. Would you like me to walk you there so you can feel the layout?
Mr. Jackson: Yes, I’d like that. I need to know where things are.
Eric: Of course. Let me help you stand. I’m on your right side now. I’m going to support your right elbow. Ready?
Mr. Jackson: Ready.
Eric: helps him stand Okay, we’re going to walk straight ahead, ten steps. I’ll count them out. One, two, three… continues to ten …and here’s the bathroom door. It opens outward.
Mr. Jackson: feels the doorframe
Eric: The toilet is on your left, about three feet inside. There’s a handrail on the wall. Feel here. guides his hand The sink is directly in front of you as you enter.
Mr. Jackson: This is very helpful. Thank you for taking the time.
Eric: It’s important that you feel safe and independent here. Let me walk you back to your bed, and we’ll go over a few more things.
Mr. Jackson: Okay.
Eric: guides him back When your meals come, I’ll describe what’s on your plate using the clock method. Do you know that method?
Mr. Jackson: Yes, like “your chicken is at 6 o’clock, your vegetables at 3 o’clock.”
Eric: Exactly! That way you know where everything is. I’ll also tell you if anything is hot.
Mr. Jackson: I appreciate that. Some people just put food in front of me and walk away.
Eric: That’s not helpful at all. We want to make sure you can eat independently and safely. Is there anything else that would make you more comfortable?
Mr. Jackson: Will you tell me when you’re leaving the room? Sometimes people leave, and I’m talking to an empty room without knowing it.
Eric: Absolutely! I will always tell you, “Mr. Jackson, I’m leaving your room now,” before I go. And when I come back, I’ll knock and announce myself.
Mr. Jackson: You’re very thoughtful. Thank you.
Eric: You’re welcome. We want your stay here to be as comfortable as possible. Do you have any questions for me right now?
Mr. Jackson: When will I see the doctor?
Eric: Dr. Morrison is scheduled to see you around 5 p.m. Would you like me to let you know when she’s on the floor?
Mr. Jackson: Yes, please.
Eric: I’ll do that. I’ll come tell you about fifteen minutes before she arrives. Is there anything I can get you right now?
Mr. Jackson: No, I’m fine for now.
Eric: Okay. Remember, your call button is right here on your bed rail. touches his hand and guides it to the button If you need anything, just press it. I’ll check on you in about thirty minutes.
Mr. Jackson: Thank you, Eric.
Eric: You’re welcome, Mr. Jackson. I’m leaving your room now.
Dialogue 14: Welcoming a Teenage Patient
Setting: Pediatric/adolescent unit, afternoon
Ashley (CNA): knocks Hey, can I come in?
Mia (15-year-old patient): Whatever.
Ashley: enters Hi, I’m Ashley. I’m going to be your nursing assistant while you’re here. You’re Mia, right?
Mia: looking at phone, not making eye contact Yeah.
Ashley: I know being in the hospital probably isn’t how you wanted to spend your time. This must be frustrating.
Mia: looks up briefly You think?
Ashley: sits down Fair enough. Can I ask how you’re feeling physically right now?
Mia: shrugs I don’t know. Tired. My stomach hurts. Same as before.
Ashley: I’m sorry you’re not feeling well. Have you been to this hospital before?
Mia: No. First time.
Ashley: Okay. Let me go over some basics with you so you know what to expect. Sound good?
Mia: I guess.
Ashley: So this button here points to call button is how you can reach us if you need anything—if you’re in pain, need help getting to the bathroom, want a snack, whatever. We’re here to help you.
Mia: Okay.
Ashley: The bathroom is right there. You can use it whenever you want, but if you feel dizzy or weak, please call us first. We don’t want you to fall.
Mia: I’m not going to fall. I’m not a little kid.
Ashley: I get that. You’re definitely not a little kid. But even adults can get dizzy from medications or from being sick. It’s just about being safe, not about your age.
Mia: slight nod
Ashley: Do you have your phone charger? The outlet is right here if you need to charge it.
Mia: shows slight interest Oh, thanks. Yeah, my battery’s dying.
Ashley: No problem. WiFi password is on that card on the table. We know staying connected is important.
Mia: starts plugging in phone Thanks.
Ashley: You’re welcome. Are your parents coming to visit?
Mia: tone changes, becomes more defensive My mom’s at work. She’ll come later.
Ashley: Okay, cool. When she gets here, she can stay as long as she wants. We don’t have strict visiting hours for family.
Mia: Whatever.
Ashley: I know I’m throwing a lot of information at you. Do you have any questions about anything?
Mia: When can I leave?
Ashley: That’s up to your doctor. They need to figure out what’s causing your stomach pain and make sure you’re okay before you go home. Do you know when you’re seeing the doctor?
Mia: Nobody tells me anything.
Ashley: That’s frustrating. Let me find out for you. The doctors usually make rounds in the late afternoon. I’ll check your chart and let you know.
Mia: softer tone Okay. Thanks.
Ashley: No problem. In the meantime, is there anything I can get you? Are you hungry or thirsty?
Mia: Can I eat? They took my breakfast away this morning before some test.
Ashley: Let me check your orders to see what you’re allowed to have. If you can eat, what sounds good to you?
Mia: I don’t know. Maybe crackers or something? My stomach’s weird.
Ashley: Crackers are usually a safe choice. Let me see what I can find for you. I’ll be back in a few minutes.
Mia: quietly Thanks, Ashley.
Ashley: smiles You’re welcome, Mia. I know this isn’t fun, but we’re going to take good care of you.
Dialogue 15: Welcoming a Patient Who Just Received Difficult News
Setting: Oncology unit, late afternoon
Kevin (CNA): knocks softly Mrs. Harper? May I come in?
Mrs. Harper (Patient): quietly, has been crying Yes.
Kevin: enters gently Hi, I’m Kevin, one of the nursing assistants. I’ll be here until 11 p.m. tonight. notices she’s upset Is this an okay time, or would you like some privacy?
Mrs. Harper: wipes eyes No, it’s okay. Come in.
Kevin: speaks in a soft, compassionate voice I can see you’re having a difficult moment. I don’t want to intrude.
Mrs. Harper: The doctor just left. The cancer is back. I thought I was done with all this.
Kevin: sits down nearby, maintaining a respectful distance I’m so sorry you received that news. That must be incredibly hard to hear.
Mrs. Harper: starts crying again I don’t know how to tell my kids. They’re going to be devastated.
Kevin: remains quiet for a moment, then speaks gently That sounds like a heavy burden to carry right now.
Mrs. Harper: I’m sorry. You probably have other patients to see.
Kevin: shakes head Please don’t apologize. You’ve just received life-changing news. Your feelings are completely valid. I’m not in a rush—I’m here for you.
Mrs. Harper: takes a tissue Thank you. That’s kind of you.
Kevin: Would you like me to sit here with you for a bit, or would you prefer some time alone?
Mrs. Harper: Could you stay? I don’t want to be alone right now, but my family won’t be here for another hour.
Kevin: Of course I can stay. sits down in the chair Is there anything I can do to help you feel more comfortable?
Mrs. Harper: I don’t even know what I need right now. Everything feels overwhelming.
Kevin: That makes complete sense. You don’t have to know what you need right now. Just take things one moment at a time.
Mrs. Harper: nods, wiping tears One moment at a time.
Kevin: Would you like some water? Or tea?
Mrs. Harper: Water would be good.
Kevin: I’ll get that for you. returns with water Here you go. Take your time.
Mrs. Harper: takes a sip Thank you. Can I ask you something?
Kevin: Of course.
Mrs. Harper: Do you think I should tell my kids right away, or wait?
Kevin: carefully I can’t tell you what’s right for your family, but I can tell you that there’s no perfect way to share difficult news. Some people like to process information themselves first; others want to tell their loved ones right away. What feels right to you?
Mrs. Harper: I think I need to tell them soon. They’re adults—they deserve to know. But I want to say it the right way.
Kevin: It sounds like you care deeply about how they’ll feel. That’s the mark of a good parent.
Mrs. Harper: I just wish I could protect them from this pain.
Kevin: I understand that wish. Would you like to talk through what you might say to them, or would you rather think about it on your own?
Mrs. Harper: Maybe it would help to talk through it. My mind is spinning.
Kevin: I’m happy to listen. Take all the time you need.
Mrs. Harper: They’re going to ask me about treatment options. I don’t even understand what the doctor said. There were so many medical terms.
Kevin: That’s very common. When people are in shock, it’s hard to process information. The doctor will come back, and you can ask questions again. You can also have your family here when you talk to the doctor next time, so they can help you understand and remember.
Mrs. Harper: That’s a good idea. I should write down my questions so I don’t forget.
Kevin: That’s an excellent strategy. Would you like some paper and a pen?
Mrs. Harper: Yes, please.
Kevin: provides paper and pen Whenever you think of questions, write them down. There are no wrong questions.
Mrs. Harper: Thank you. You’re being so patient with me.
Kevin: Mrs. Harper, you’re going through one of the most difficult experiences anyone can face. You deserve patience, compassion, and support. I’m honored to sit with you during this time.
Mrs. Harper: tears up again I needed to hear that.
Kevin: I mean it. Is there anything else I can do for you right now?
Mrs. Harper: Just… thank you for treating me like a person, not just a patient.
Kevin: You are absolutely a person first. Your diagnosis doesn’t define you. I’ll stay here with you until your family arrives, unless you need me to do something else.
Mrs. Harper: Just having someone here helps. Thank you, Kevin.
Comprehensive Vocabulary List
Medical and Healthcare Terms
Admission – The process of entering and being registered as a patient in a hospital or healthcare facility
Adjust – To change or move something to make it more suitable or comfortable
Anesthesia – Medicine that prevents pain during surgery or medical procedures by making you unconscious or numb
Anesthesiologist – A doctor who specializes in giving anesthesia and monitoring patients during surgery
Assist/Assistance – To help someone do something; help or support
Bathroom – A room containing a toilet and usually a sink for washing
Bed rail – The protective bar along the side of a hospital bed that prevents falls
Blood pressure – The force of blood pushing against the walls of your arteries; measured to assess health
Call button/Call light – A button patients press to request help from nurses or nursing assistants
Cast – A hard protective covering, usually made of plaster or fiberglass, that holds a broken bone in place while it heals
Chart – The medical record containing a patient’s health information, treatment plans, and progress notes
Communicate/Communication – To share or exchange information, ideas, or feelings with someone
Crutches – Long sticks that fit under the arms to help people walk when they have an injured leg or foot
Dementia – A condition affecting the brain that causes memory loss, confusion, and difficulty with thinking and communication
Diagnosis – The identification of an illness or medical condition based on symptoms and tests
Dietary preferences – Food choices based on personal, cultural, or religious beliefs
Discharge – The official release of a patient from a hospital or medical facility to go home
Dizzy/Dizziness – Feeling unsteady, lightheaded, or like things are spinning
Emergency department (ED) – The area of a hospital that treats patients with urgent or life-threatening conditions
Examination/Examine – A careful check of a patient’s body or condition by a healthcare professional
Fall prevention – Actions taken to keep patients from falling and getting injured
Gown – A loose piece of clothing worn by patients in hospitals
Handrail – A bar fixed to a wall or structure for people to hold while walking, especially in bathrooms
Heart rate – The number of times your heart beats per minute
Intravenous (IV) – A method of putting fluids or medicine directly into a vein through a needle or tube
Medication – Medicine prescribed by a doctor to treat illness or manage symptoms
Mobility – The ability to move or be moved freely and easily
Modesty – The quality of being careful about not showing too much of your body or attracting attention
Monitor – To watch, check, or keep track of something carefully over time
Nervous/Anxiety – Feeling worried, uncomfortable, or afraid about something
Nurse’s station – The central desk area on a hospital floor where nurses work and keep patient records
Observation – Careful watching of a patient’s condition over time; a period of medical monitoring
Operating room (OR) – A special room in a hospital where surgeons perform operations
Orthopedic – Related to bones, joints, and muscles
Pain level – A measurement of how much pain someone feels, often rated on a scale from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst pain imaginable)
Physical therapy/Physical therapist – Treatment using exercises and physical techniques to help people recover movement and strength; the healthcare professional who provides this treatment
Privacy – The state of being alone or free from being watched or disturbed by others
Recovery – The process of returning to good health after illness or injury
Rehabilitation (Rehab) – Treatment and exercises designed to restore health, strength, and normal life after illness or injury
Remote control – A device used from a distance to control something, like a TV or hospital bed
Rounds – Regular visits doctors make to check on their patients in the hospital
Shift – A scheduled period of work time, typically 8-12 hours for healthcare workers
Stroke – A serious medical condition where blood flow to the brain is blocked or a blood vessel in the brain bursts
Surgery – A medical procedure where a surgeon operates on a patient’s body to treat injury or disease
Temperature – A measurement of how hot or cold the body is; normal body temperature is around 98.6°F (37°C)
Translation services/Translator – Services that convert spoken or written words from one language to another; a person who does this work
Vital signs – Basic measurements of body functions including temperature, blood pressure, heart rate, and breathing rate
Wheelchair – A chair with wheels used by people who have difficulty walking
Communication and Interpersonal Terms
Announce – To make something known publicly or officially; to state clearly
Appreciate – To be grateful for something; to recognize the value or importance of something
Approach – To come near or move toward someone or something
Compassion/Compassionate – A feeling of sympathy and concern for others who are suffering; showing this quality
Concern – Worry or interest about something; something that causes worry
Coordinate – To organize different things or people to work together effectively
Cultural – Related to the customs, beliefs, and practices of a particular group or society
Defensive – Behaving in a way that shows you feel criticized or attacked; protective of yourself
Dignity – The quality of being worthy of respect; self-respect
Discouraged/Discouraging – Feeling less hopeful or confident; causing this feeling
Empathy – The ability to understand and share the feelings of another person
Encourage – To give someone support or confidence; to promote or support something
Frustrated/Frustration – Feeling upset or annoyed because you cannot achieve what you want
Honest/Honestly – Telling the truth; not lying or cheating; in a truthful manner
Independence/Independent – The ability to do things by yourself without help from others
Interpret/Interpreter – To explain the meaning of something; a person who translates spoken words from one language to another
Overwhelmed/Overwhelming – Feeling unable to cope because there is too much to deal with; very intense or strong
Patient (adjective) – Able to wait calmly or deal with problems without becoming annoyed
Polite – Having or showing good manners; respectful and considerate
Privacy – The state of being free from public attention; being alone
Reassure/Reassuring – To say or do something to make someone feel less worried; providing comfort
Respectful – Showing respect; polite and considerate
Sensitive – Aware of and understanding other people’s feelings; easily upset or offended
Thoughtful – Showing careful consideration for others’ needs; kind and considerate
Understand/Understanding – To know the meaning of something; to know why something happens; sympathetic awareness
Action and Process Terms
Access – To be able to use or obtain something; the means or right to use something
Accompany – To go somewhere with someone
Achieve – To successfully complete or accomplish something
Adapt – To change or adjust to fit new conditions
Apply – To use something for a particular purpose; to put something on a surface
Arrange/Arrangement – To organize or plan something; to put things in a particular order
Attach – To fasten or join one thing to another
Convert – To change something from one form to another
Demonstrate – To show how to do something; to prove something
Describe – To say what someone or something is like; to give details about something
Ensure – To make certain that something happens or is done
Maintain – To keep something in good condition; to continue something
Orient/Orientation – To help someone become familiar with a new situation or place; the process of doing this
Position – To put something or someone in a particular place; the place where something is located
Prevent/Prevention – To stop something from happening; the act of stopping something
Provide – To give or supply something to someone
Require/Requirement – To need something; something that is needed
Settle in – To begin to feel comfortable in a new place or situation
Support – To help or encourage someone; to hold something up
Descriptive and Emotional Terms
Anxious – Worried or nervous about something
Comfortable – Feeling physically relaxed; not worried or nervous
Devastating/Devastated – Causing severe shock or distress; extremely upset
Extremely – To a very great degree; very much
Grateful – Feeling or showing thanks; appreciative
Honored – Feeling proud and privileged
Horrible – Very unpleasant or bad
Overwhelming – Very great in amount; too much to deal with easily
Relieved – No longer feeling worried or anxious
Scary – Causing fear or fright; frightening
Uncertain/Uncertainty – Not sure or definite; not known; the state of being unsure
Valid – Acceptable; based on truth or reason
Worried – Anxious or troubled about something
Facility and Location Terms
Cardiac care unit – A hospital unit specializing in care for patients with heart conditions
Facility – A place designed for a particular purpose, such as a healthcare facility
Hallway – A corridor or passage in a building
Memory care unit – A specialized area for patients with dementia or memory problems
Oncology unit – A hospital unit specializing in cancer care
Pediatric unit – A hospital unit for treating children
Rehabilitation center – A facility focused on helping patients recover physical or mental abilities
Skilled nursing facility – A residential facility for people who need ongoing nursing care
Unit – A section of a hospital designed for specific types of care
Time-Related Terms
Currently – At the present time; now
Eventually – At some point in the future; in the end
Gradually – Happening slowly over time; step by step
Immediately – Right away; without delay
Promptly – Quickly and without delay
Regularly – At fixed intervals; frequently
Shortly – Soon; in a short time
Temporarily – For a limited time; not permanently
Cultural and Religious Terms
Customs – Traditional practices or habits of a particular group
Dietary restrictions – Rules about what foods can or cannot be eaten, often based on religion or culture
Halal – Food that is prepared according to Islamic law
Headscarf/Hijab – A covering worn over the head and neck, often for religious reasons
Religious practices – Activities or behaviors related to religion or faith
Traditions – Customs or beliefs passed down through generations
Miscellaneous Healthcare Terms
Audio books – Books recorded as sound files that can be listened to
Blanket – A large piece of cloth used to keep warm
Crackers – Thin, dry biscuits often eaten as a snack
Headphones – A device worn over or in the ears to listen to audio privately
Juice box – A small container of juice with a straw
Large-print books – Books with bigger text for people with vision difficulties
Meal tray – A tray that holds food and dishes for a patient’s meal
Pillow – A cushioned support for the head while sleeping or resting
Popsicle – A flavored ice treat on a stick
Tablet – A portable computer with a touchscreen
Warm blanket – A blanket that has been heated to provide comfort
Total vocabulary terms: 200+
This comprehensive vocabulary list covers all key terms from the 15 dialogues and will help B1-level English learners communicate effectively in CNA settings with diverse patient populations.
About the Author
